Multiple Choice 1
James Watson and Francis Crick received the 1953 Nobel Prize for their work on describing the structure of DNA:
a. a double helix that resembles a twisted ladder.
b. a helix that resembles a twisted ladder.
c. a triple helix that resembles a twisted ladder.
d. None of these choices.
a. a double helix that resembles a twisted ladder.
A method of separating molecules, such as DNA according to their size and electrical charge using current passing through a gel containing the samples.
Electrophoresis
Because each DNA molecule is composed of two strands, DNA is known as a double helix.
True
Patterns of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person’s unique sequence of DNA base pairs is known as a _______________.
DNA fingerprint
Within the non-coding sections of DNA, certain short sequences of DNA are repeated:
a. multiple times.
b. two times.
c. one time.
d. three times.
a. multiple times.
In the nucleus of most human body cells, there are:
a. 23 pairs of chromosomes.
b. 92 chromosomes.
c. 46 pairs of chromosomes.
d. None of these choices.
a. 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Tandems of repeats of DNA sequences 2-5 base pairs with varying numbers of repeats found among individuals.
STR
Since DNA is evidence that is capable of identifying a specific person, it is known as trace evidence.
False
A ________________ is a molecule that cuts DNA at a specific base sequence.
restriction enzyme.
The DNA in chromosomes contains approximately:
a. 3 million base pairs.
b. 3 thousand base pairs
c. 3 billion base pairs.
d. one base pair.
c. 3 billion base pairs.
The analysis of chromosomes, which was originally developed by geneticists, is known as:
a. karyotyping. c. archetyping.
b. genetics. d. None of these choices.
a. karyotyping.
This method is used to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA. It can make millions of copies from a very small amount.
PCR
Besides identical twins, no two people have the same DNA.
True
_________________ are repeats of a short DNA sequence ranging from 9 to 80 base pairs long.
VNTR
DNA sequences that have instructions for making a protein molecule that determines our inherited characteristics or traits such as blood type or enzyme production are:
a. alleles.
b. genes.
c. chromosomes.
d. genomes.
b. genes.
If you tear apart a human chromosome, you will see that it is made up of:
a. one strand of DNA.
b. three strands of DNA.
c. two strands of DNA.
d. four strands of DNA.
c. two strands of DNA.
An alternate form of a gene; for example, a gene for human hair color may have different ________________(s) that cause red or brown hair.
allele
DNA sequences with a high degree of polymorphism are not as useful as sequences with a lower degree of polymorphism.
False
A ________________ is a segment of DNA in a chromosome that contains information used to produce a protein or an RNA molecule.
gene
A method used to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA is called:
a. VNTR.
b. STR.
c. Gel Electrophoresis
d. PCR.
d. PCR.
DNA in chromosomes is called
a. DNA. c. nuclear DNA.
b. DNA chromosomes. d. structural DNA.
c. nuclear DNA.
A ___________________ is a cell structure that contains genetic information along strands of DNA.
Chromosome
Biological evidence is very important for identifying individuals due to it holding DNA. The only way you can obtain biological through blood and saliva.
False
A molecule labeled with a radioactive isotope, dye, or enzyme that is used to locate a particular sequence or gene on a DNA molecule is referred to as a _____________________.
DNA probe
The method of separating the molecules within an electric field, based on their size, is called:
a. Restriction enzymes. c. STR.
b. Gel Electrophoresis d. PCR.
b. Gel Electrophoresis