Forming New Species
What allows insects like cockroaches to have survived for millions of years?
Quick Generation time, insecticide resistance
How old is planet earth?
4.6 Billion years old
What type of rock layer are most fossils found in?
Sedimentary rock
What was the name of his ship?
HMS Beagle
What body part of the Galapagos finches appears to have been most modified by Natural Selection?
Beaks
If a species is isolated from its own kind what might that species need to do to survive?
Adapt
What is a group of organisms that can mate with one another to produce fertile offspring called?
Species
Explain how a fossil is formed.
An organism dies, is covered with sediment. An imprint or solidified remains are left.
What animal did Darwin study in the Galapagos Islands?
Finches
Why are there gaps in the fossil Record?
Conditions must be perfect (Some organisms may not have been fossilized or found).
"Variety in characters within a population enable some individuals to be better suited to survive."
Who said this?
Charles Darwin
The finches on the Galapagos Islands could no longer reproduce. What does this mean?
They are Seperate Species
Name a piece of evidence the fossil record suggests.
How organisms looked, the order of evolutionary changes, how the environment has changed
Explain Darwin's theory of why the finches had different beaks.
The original group blew from Ecuador and had to adapt to various ways of collecting food: Beaks.
What is the Era we are living in?
Cenozoic era
If species are isolated for hundred, thousands, or millions of years, they may be so different they can no longer do what?
Successfully reproduce
Why do dinosaurs no longer exist?
They could not adapt to the change. (Meteor hit)
Imagine digging a hole and finding 3 fossils, one in the top foot of earth, one 3 feet down and one fossil 9 feet deep. Which is oldest? Which is youngest? How do you Know?
The deeper into the rock layer the older it is. The newer fossil would be in the top layer as it is most recent.
What cause variations in a species?
Mutations or changes ina gene
Why are some animals more likely to survive to adulthood than other animals?
Some animals are more likely to survive because they inherit traits that enable them to find food, escape predators or resist disease.
Explain why the antibiotic Amoxicillin is no longer effective in killing many kinds of bacteria?
The bacteria develop resistance to the antibiotic
Vestigial Structures
Besides fossils, what other evidence do we have that evolution has occurred?
Similar skeletal structure, DNA similarities, Similar embryos, Vestigial Structures.
What are the 4 steps to Natural Selection
1. Overpopulation 2. Genetic Variation
3. Struggle to Survive 4. Successful Reproduction
Identify a factor that would determine the beak shape of a Galapagos finch?
Amount of food, type of food, or way to obtain food.