Ch. 7.5 Muscular System key Terms
Abduction
Movement of a body part away from the midline.
Contracture
A severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bender of a joint.
Extension
increasing the angle between two bones or straightening a body part.
Muscle tone
The state of being ready to respond.
Rotation
The turning of a bone or limb around its own long axis.
Adduction
Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body
Dorsiflexion
Bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee.
Fascia
A tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue
Muscular system
The organ system composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles that is responsible for movement, posture, and heat production.
Skeletal muscle
Attached to bones and causes body movement
Cardiac Muscle
forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood.
Elasticity
The ability of a muscle to return to its original resting length after being stretched.
Flexion
A movement that decreases the angle between two bones (bending a limb or joint).
Origin
When the point of muscle attachment, the end does not move.
Supination
Turning a body part upward.
Circumduction
A movement in a circle at a joint or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary
Excitability
The ability of a muscle to receive and respond to a stimulus.
Insertion
The end that moves when the muscle contracts
Plantar flexion
Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee
Tendons
Strong fibrous connective tissue cords
Contractibility
The ability of a muscle to shorten forcefully when adequately stimulated.
Extensibility
The ability of a muscle to be stretched.
Involuntary
Muscle action that is not consciously controlled
Pronation
Turning a body part downward
Visceral muscle
Also known as smooth muscle; non-striated, involuntary muscle found in the walls of hollow internal organs.