Vocabulary
a government by three people with equal power
triumvirate
an absolute ruler
dictator
ruler of Egypt who was well-educated and had romantic liaisons and military alliances with the Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony
Cleopatra
fought for Land reform, granting of land to landless Romans, and reduction of unemployment
Livy wrote satires gently mocking follies and vices of his time and coined the phrase “carpe diem” (seize the day)
FALSE
Roman apartment blocks constructed of concrete with wooden-beam floors
insulae
Lines of forts and settlements connected by military roads, Walls (such as Hadrian’s wall, built by Romans in northern Britain)
artificial boundaries
fought for extension of citizenship to non-Romans, reduction of food prices, more legal rights for farmers
Gaius Gracchus
a ruler who established borders of the Roman Empire, attempted to expand the region, rebuilt many temples, and attempted to restore social order.
Augustus or Octavian
The Etruscan Influence on Rome was the expansion of Rome from village to city
TRUE
the process by which towns and cities become larger as population increases and more people begin to occupy a central area
urbanization
commander in chief; the Latin origin of the word emperor
imperator
a dictator who launched a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House.
Julius Cesar
a relative of Augustus who was pretentious, self-absorbed, irresponsible, and cruel.
Nero
The biggest threat to the Roman state was the Greeks
FALSE
in the Roman social structure, the dominant male head of the household, which also included his wife, sons, and their wives and children, unmarried daughters, and slaves
paterfamilias
a series of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire, resulting in the destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean.
Punic Wars
a relative of Augustus who was extravagant and unstable, possibly insane.
Caligula
a relative of Augustus who was awkward and studious, but an effective administrator.
Claudius
A cause of unrest in the Roman republic was increasing inequality between wealthy landowners and small farmers
TRUE
a period where five good emperors came into power to bring Rome into a place of peace and prosperity
Pax Romana
when Roman culture spread, along with Latin language, Greek culture, and Roman law
a relative of Augustus who was thrifty and conscientious, but cold and suspicious.
Tiberius
Wrote Aeneid, an epic poem that modeled on Homer’s works, which presented positive virtues and the vision of Rome's mission to rule world.
Virgil
The 6 factors that unified the Roman Empire were: emperors and imperial government, provincial government, local administration of towns and cities, standardized urban plan, Greek law, and Latin language.
FALSE