Vocab
What is a herniated disk?
Also known as a ruptured disk, in the vertebral column.
Area where two or more bones join together.
Joint
What is the name of the small piece of cartilage at the bottom of the sternum?
Xiphoid process
What is it called when a twisting action tears the ligament at a joint?
A sprain
What is the function of spongy bone?
Spongy bone is filled with red marrow
What is the definition for Osteoporosis?
Increased softening of the bone
Material found in some bones that produces blood cells
Red marrow
List the 5 functions of bones.
Framework / Protection / Levers / Storage / Production of blood cells
What is a fracture?
A crack or break in a bone
What is the Epiphyseal Line?
Forms when the bone stops growing
What is the terminology word for bone inflammation?
Osteomyelitis
Name for the bones that forms the pelvic girdle.
Os coxae
Name the three different types of ribs, and the difference between them.
True ribs - attach directly to the sternum
False ribs - attach to the cartilage of above ribs
Floating ribs - no attachment to the front of the body
What is bursitis?
Inflammation of the bursae, a fluid like sac.
What is the purpose of articular cartilage?
To reduce friction and act as a shock absorber
What is the definition for dislocation and what is the definition for arthritis?
dislocation (bone forcefully displaced from a joint) arthritis (inflammation of joints)
Material found inside the medullary canal.
Yellow marrow
Name the bones that make up the axial part of the skeleton.
Skull / Thorax (sternum, ribs) / Clavicle / Scapula / Vertebral column / Pelvic girdle (ilium, ischium, pubis) / sacrum / coccyx
What is the purpose of a ligament?
To hold long bones together at joints.
What is the difference between compact and spongy osseous tissue?
Compact - is dense, can withstand compressive forces
Spongy - has open spaces and supports shifts in weight distribution
Membrane that lines the medullary canal.
endosteum
Name the bones that form the appendicular part of the skeleton.
Humerus / Radius / Ulna / Carpals / Metacarpals / Phalanges / Femur / Patella / Tibia / Fibula / Calcareous
Name the three main types of joints, and their degree of motion.
Diarthrosis - freely movable
Amphiarthrosis - slightly movable
Synarthrosis - immovable
What is the Diaphysis and the Epiphysis?
Diaphysis - the middle of the bone (longer section)
Epiphysis - wider section at the end of each bone