Joints
Define Joint and Articulation.
A site where two or more bones meet
What is a structural classification of a joint?
It is based on the binding material
It is based on the amount of movement
What is the main difference between Bursae and Tendon sheaths?
location
What is a ligament?
connects bone to bone
What is an origin?
An attachment to an immovable bone
Define three structural classifications of a joint.
Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints
Define three functional classifications of joints.
Synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses
What is an insertion?
An attachment to a movable bone
What is a tendon?
Connects muscle to bone
Define Synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.
Synarthroses: Immovable joints
Amphiarthroses: slightly movable joints
Diarthroses: freely movable joints
Name three types of fibrous joints.
Sutures, Sundesmoses, Gomphoses
What are Synchondroses and give an example?
What are the different ranges of motion of a joint?
Nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial
An elongated bursa that wraps around the tendon to protect it from friction
What occurs in a gliding movement?
One flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface
Abduction vs. adduction
Abduction is away from the midline while adduction is toward the midline
Pronation vs. Supination
Pronation is when the radius rotates over the ulna
Supination is when the radius and ulna are parallel
Dorsiflexion vs. Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion is pointing your toe to the sky
Plantar is pointing your toes in front of you
Inversion vs. Eversion
inversion: the sole of the foot turned medially
eversion: the sole of the foot faces laterally
What three joints make up the knee?
femoropatellar joint, tibiofemoral joint, and the menisci
What are all the stabilizing ligaments in the knee?
Fibular and tibial ligaments, oblique popliteal, and arcuate popliteal joint
Name all six features of synovial joints.
Articular Cartilage, Joint Cavity, Articular Capsule, Synovial Fluid, Reinforcing ligaments, Nerves and Blood
Name the six types synovial joints.
Plane Joints, Hinge joints, Ball and socket joints, Pivot joints, Condyle joints, Saddle joints
What are the main ligaments that make up the shoulder?
coracohumeral ligament and three glenohumeral ligaments