SPARKY
What does an atom have to do to become a positive ion?
Lose an electron
What determines if an atom will bond with another atom?
how many valence electrons the atoms have
Ionic bonds form between a _____ ion and a ______ ion.
A positive and negative ion
What type of bond involves sharing electrons?
A covalent bond forms when atoms share electrons.
How do the electrons move in metallic bonds?
The electrons move around freely.
How many valence electrons are in group 16 (2ND TO LAST COLUMN)?
6
Ionic bonds form between what classes of elements?
Metals and nonmetals
What class of elements does a covalent bond form between?
A covalent bond forms between nonmetals.
Metallic bonds are formed by the attraction between ________ and the _________ that are around them.
Metallic bonds are formed by the attraction between POSITIVE METAL IONS and the ELECTRONS that are around then.
what is an ion
a charged atom
Based on the number of valence electrons, would elements in group 18 make bonds (last column)? why or why not?
no... outer shells are filled
When atoms are bonded by ionic bonds, a _______ forms.
A crystal lattice
Water is made when oxygen is bonded to hydrogen with covalent bonds. Because oxygen has a larger nucleus, the electrons in water will spend more time near oxygen and less time near hydrogen. This uneven distribution of electrons makes water _____.
This uneven distribution of electrons makes water polar.
Metallic bonds form between ________ when their pooled valence electrons are shared.
Metallic bonds form between metals when their pooled valence electrons are shared.
Would two positive ions make bonds?Why?
No, because alike charges are not attracted to each other.
How many valence electrons does aluminum have?
3
A negatively charged atom gains electrons when it is bonded to another with an ionic bond, so the atom becomes more ________.
Negative
What is formed when a group of atoms is bonded together by covalent bonds?
A molecule is formed.
List three properties of metals.
shiny, conductivity, malleability, and ductility
Sodium is in the 1st column in the periodic table. What kind of ion is Sodium most likely to form?
a. +7 c. +1
b. -1 d. -7
c. +1
What element would calcium most likely bond with?
a. sodium
b. hydrogen
c. fluorine
d. magnesium
c. fluorine (b/c fluorine needs one electron and calcium has one in its outer shell)
What are three qualities of substances that are bonded by ionic bonds?
They are hard, brittle, and have high melting points.
What are three qualities/characteristics of a substance that is bonded by covalent bonds?
The qualities are low melting and low boiling point, also they tend to be brittle when in a solid state; poor conductors of electricity.
Why are metals so malleable?
because the metal ions slide past each other through the electron pool.