Islam
This prophet of Islam believed the angel Gabriel gave him messages from God.
Muhammad
This is what religious icons were.
Images of holy people
This was a small holding in Francia where peasant families lived.
Manse
This is who the pope was subordinate to in the sixth century.
the Byzantine emperor
Vernacular means this.
The language spoken by the ordinary people of a region or country.
Followers of Islam are called this.
Muslim
This word means “icon breaking.”
Iconoclasm
This is where most Franks lived.
In villages
Benedict Bishop traveled to this place to collect religious and pagan texts for his library in Britain.
Rome
This was who ended the Visigothic kingdom in Spain in 711.
Muslims
This is the name of the holy book of Islam.
Qur'an
This is the reason why Byzantines began to worship icons.
A series of natural disasters and wars
This is ONE skill important to Merovingian elites.
Hunting, fighting
This is why monks in the British Isles studied pagan texts.
To learn Latin
Muhammad’s successors were called this.
Caliphs
This is the name given to Muhammad’s journey from Mecca to Medina.
Hijra
This was ONE potential reason why the Byzantine emperor Leo III ordered the destruction of icons.
Monastic communities who used icons could rival his power, worship of icons undermined his religious authority over the people, the army believed worship of icons had caused them to lose important battles
Name the FOUR groups who made up Merovingian elites.
Monks, bishops, aristocrats, kings
This English monk helped spread Roman Catholicism in the British Isles by educating monks who later came to serve as advisors to English rulers.
Bede the Venerable
This Visigothic king converted from Arianism to Roman Catholicism.
Reccared
The Muslim world became a state in 661 under this dynasty.
Umayyad
This is the Germanic people that the Byzantines fought with for control over Italy.
Lombards
Type of “economy” of Merovingian elites was based on the redistribution of plunder, tribute, harvest, and coins to those loyal to them.
Gift economy
This was the new Frankish dynasty that the pope reached out to for help expelling the Lombards from Italy.
Carolingian
These were the two peoples who took control of the Balkans from the Byzantine Empire.
Slavs and Avars