Vocabulary
magma that flows onto Earth's surface
What is lava
A set of deep cracks in an area is called
What is rift zone
At Earth's surface, lava is released from openings called
What are vents
The smallest and most common type of volcano
What is cinder cone volcano
Lava that forms a thick, brittle crust
What is Aa
Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is dark in color
What is mafic?
Mafic lava generally produces
What is nonexplosive eruptions
Lava at hotspots comes from
What is the mantle
Also known as stratovolcanoes and are the most recognizable
What are composite volcanoes
cool, stiff lava that does not travel far from the eruption site
What is blocky lava
Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspars and silica and that is generally light in color
What is felsic?
Long linear cracks that form where the Atlantic and Eurasian plates are moving apart are called
What are fissures
Form from layers of lava left by many nonexplosive eruptions
What is shield volcanoes
Volcanoes at convergent boundaries have what kind of eruptions
explosive
Large blobs of magma that harden in the air
What is volcanic bombs
Material that is particles of lava that form when magma explodes from a volcano and solidifies in the air
What is pyroclastic
Lava typically found at divergent boundaries
What is mafic
The types of rock that forms from lava at hot spots depends on (4 factors)
What is temperature, gas content, flow rate, and slope
This type of volcano has moderately explosive eruptions
What is cinder cone volcano
Forms when the gases in stiff magma expand rapidly and the walls of the gas bubbles explode into tiny, glasslike silvers
What is volcanic ash
The magma that feeds the eruption pools deep underground in a structured called a
What is magma chamber
As tectonic plates seperate at a mid-ocean ridge, older oceanic lithosphere moves away from the mid-ocean ridge. As this happens, magma travels through the new cracks that form the rift zone. When magma is cooled, it forms
What is new oceanic lithosphere
Long tubelike structures that lava flows through
What are lava tubes
This type of volcano has multiple eruptions and the are explosive
What is composite volcano
Large, angular pieces of solid rock that erupt from a volcano
What is volcanic blocks