A
What is the Axial and Appendicular skeleton?
Axial skeleton: Central, supporting axis
Appendicular skeleton: Bones of the limbs, pelvic, and shoulder areas
What is the line of articulation between the parietal bones and the occipital
lambdoid suture
Which bone or bones form the foundation of the face?
Maxillae
What is vertebrae?
Structural characteristics of vertebrae differ slightly depending on location. Regardless, all vertebrae have a number of characteristics in common:
Vertebral foramen: An opening that allows for passage of the spinal cord
Body: The weight-bearing portion of the vertebra
Spinous process: Projects posteriorly from the vertebra (The spinous processes are the bumps you feel when you run your hand along the spine.)
Transverse processes: Extend from each side of the vertebra; both the transverse and spinous processes serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments
What allows passage of the spinal cord?
Vertebral Foramen
What is the bony structure housing the brain?
Cranium
What runs along the top edge of the temporal bone?
Squamos suture
What is Scoliosis?
Lateral curvature of the spine
What is intervertebral disc?
In between each vertebra is a layer of cartilage called an intervertebral disc that is designed to support weight and absorb shock. It consists of a gel-like core, called the nucleus pulposus, and a ring of tough fibrocartilage, called the annulus fibrosus.
What are ribs 1-7?
True ribs
What are the bones the skull consists of?
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
What is the joint between the right and left parietal bones?
Sagittal suture
what is the vertebral column?
The vertebral column is a flexible structure consisting of 33 vertebrae; it holds the head and torso upright, serves as an attachment point for the legs, encases the spinal cord, and allows the body to bend forward, backward, and sideways.
The vertebral column consists of 5 main sections: 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum (which consists of 5 fused vertebrae), and the coccyx (which consists of 4 fused vertebrae).
The normal curvatures of the spine are the cervical curve, thoracic curve, lumbar curve, and sacral curve.
What is the purpose of the dens (odontoid process)?
It allows the head to swivel from side to side
What are ribs 8-10?
False ribs
What is Suture line?
The bones of the skull join at immovable joints called sutures.
The base of the skull contains a large opening (foramen magnum) through which the spinal cord passes.
When the brain is injured, it swells. Because the skull cannot expand to accommodate the swelling brain, pressure inside the cranium increases. If the swelling is severe, the pressure will force the brainstem down, through the foramen magnum. The restricted opening of the foramen magnum will constrict the brainstem, resulting in respiratory arrest and, usually, death. (An exception is an infant skull, in which the suture lines haven’t yet fused.)
What is the foramen magnum?
The skull contains a number of holes called formina that allow for passage of blood vessels
A large opening in the base of the skull, called the foramen magnum, allows the spinal cord to pass through as it connects to the brainstem.
What is Kyphosis?
hunchback
What are the 5 sections of the vertebral column?
Anterior
Cervical Vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx
What is the xiphoid process?
Landmark for CPR , Provides an attachment point for some abdominal muscle
What joint is between the parietal bones and frontal bone?
Coronal suture
What are facial bones?
Zygomatic bones (2 bones): Shape the cheeks and outer edge of the orbit
Maxillae (2 bones): Meet to form the upper jaw; every other facial bone (except for the mandible) articulates with the maxillae; the maxillae form part of the floor of the orbits, part of the roof of the mouth, and part of the floor and walls of the nose
Mandible (1 bone): Articulates with the temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), making it the only facial bone that can move; it is the largest and strongest bone of the face
Lacrimal bones (2 bones): Paper-thin bones that form part of the side wall of the orbit
Nasal bones (2 rectangular bones): Form the bridge of the nose (the rest of the nose is shaped by cartilage)
Inferior nasal conchae (2 bones): Contribute to the nasal cavity
Vomer (1 bone): Forms the inferior half of the nasal septum (the superior half is formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone)
Palatine bones (two bones) (not shown here): Form the posterior portion of the hard palate, part of the wall of the nasal cavity, and part of the floor of the orbit
Other bones associated with the skull: Auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and hyoid bone
What is Lordosis?
swayback
Pair the abnormal spinal curvatures
1. Scoliosis, 2. Kyphosis, and 3.Lordosis
A. hunchback, B. swayback, or C. Lateral curve
1. C
2. A
3. B
What does the hand consist of?
Phalanges fingers
Metacarpals palm
carpals wrist