Vocabulary
The main transport system of mammals is
The cardiovascular system
What are the main blood vessels?
Arteries and veins
What do arteries branch out into?
Arterioles
How are red blood cells shaped?
Biconcave discs
Why can arteries withstand high pressure of blood?
They have thick and strong walls
What are arteries and veins
Arteries are vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Veins are vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
What is the systemic circuit
It consists of blood traveling between the heart and the remaining tissues of the body.
Whats the function of capillaries?
Their function is to take blood as close as possible to all cells, allowing rapid transfer ofsubstances between cells and blood.
What are the two main components of blood?
Formed elements and plasma
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
It interferes with the transport of oxygen.
What are semilunar valves?
Valves that veins have to keep blood flowing in the right direction
What is the pulmonary circuit?
It consists of blood traveling between the heart and the lungs.
3 layers of of the arteries and veins
Endothelium, tunica media, and tunica externa.
Tissue fluid is almost identical in composition to plasma, true or false?
True
The body does not have enough time to adjust to the decrease in oxygen availability and the person may begin with an increase in the rate and depth of breathing
What are the two types of blood pressure that are recorded?
Dystolic and systolic
How much blood does the the heart expel with each beat?
2 ounces of blood with each beat, five quarts of blood each minute
What body part do veins run close to?
How do red blood cells get their color?
Haemoglobin
What's the difference of the right and left ventricles of the heart?
The right ventricle is much thinner and, when contracting, it squeezes blood against the thick wall of the left ventricle.
The left ventricle needs to exert 4-6 times more pressure to deliver blood throughout the body. Therefore the walls are much thicker. It also pushes against the walls of the right ventricle.
What is the outer coat of an artery?
Tunica adventitia
The lymphatic system consists of mainly what?
Nodes, ducts, veins, chyli, and patches
Fluids that leak from capillaries and are returned to the blood system by what?
Lymph vessels
How much does the blood in your body weigh?
About 5 kg.
How long do red blood cells live?
120 days