mental activity that involves understanding, manipulating, and communicating information
What is thinking?
100
a problem-solving strategy that eventually leads to a solution; usually involves trying random solutions to a problem in a systematic way
What is an Algorithm?
100
the process of drawing logical conclusions from facts and arguments
What is reasoning?
100
the communication of ideas through sounds and symbols that are arranged according to the rules of grammar
What is language?
100
the ways in which words and phrases are arranged into grammatical sentences
What is syntax?
200
an object or an act that stands for something else
What is a Symbol?
200
a strategy for making judgments and solving problems; rules of thumb
What is Heuristic?
200
a form of thinking in which conclusions are inferred from premises; the conclusions are true if the premises are true
What is Deductive reasoning?
200
the psychology of language
What is psycholinguistics?
200
the study of meaning in language; the relationship between language and the objects depicted by the language
What is semantics?
300
a mental structure used to categorize objects, people, or events that share similar characteristics
What is Concept?
300
a problem-solving method that involves reducing the difference between the present situation and the desired one
What is Difference reduction?
300
a statement or assertion that serves as the basis for an argument
What is premise?
300
the inborn ability of humans to acquire language
What is a language acquisition device?
300
the formation of plurals and the past tense of irregular nouns and verbs according to rules of grammar that apply to regular nouns and verbs; characteristic of the speech of young children
What is overregularization?
400
an original model on which others in the same category are patterned
What is a Prototype?
400
a heuristic device in which a solution to a problem is found by evaluating the difference between the current situation and the goal
What is means and analysis
400
a form of thinking that involves using individual cases or particular facts to reach a general conclusion
What is Inductive reasoning?
400
the basic sound unit in a spoken language
What is phoneme
400
planning, evaluating, and monitoring mental activities; thinking about thinking
What is metacognition?
500
directed thinking; thinking that is limited to available facts
a thought process that attempts to generate multiple solutions to a problem; nondirected thinking
What is Convergent and divergent thinking?
500
the tendency to approach a new problem in a way that has been successful in the past
What is a mental set?
500
the tendency to make decisions on the basis of information that is available in one's immediate consciousness
What is Availability heuristic?
500
the smallest unit of meaning in a language
What is Morpheme?
500
a barrier to problem solving that involves the tendency to think of objects only in terms of their common uses