Terms
All the DNA in a cell
Genome
Protein on the outside of the centromere (attaches to spindles)
Kinetochores
Microtubule organizing center in the cell, moves to each pole of the cell during prophase.
Centrosome (two centrioles)
Checkpoint that checks for DNA is duplicated correctly, the cell has grown enough, and that there are specific chemical signals for M phase to begin
G2 checkpoint
The process of swapping parts of DNA between non-sister chromatids
Crossing over
DNA + Proteins (uncondensed)
Chromatin
Nuclear division that produces two identical nuclei
Mitosis
Array of microtubules at each pole, looks like a star
Aster
Checkpoint that checks for proper attachment to spindle fibers - before they move onto anaphase
M checkpoint (spindle checkpoint) at metaphase
The point at which non-sister chromatids are crossed over
Chiasmata
Condensed chromatin
Chromosomes
Division of the cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
Checkpoint that determines if conditions are good for cell cycle
G1
CDK acts as kinase to allow the cell to pass certain checkpoints, it will only work if it's in the presence of ____
Cyclin (hence Cyclin Dependent Kinase)
When cancerous cells no longer exhibit "anchorage dependance" and cal spread to other tissues and organs
Metastasis/malignancy
Duplicated version of a chromosome
Sister chromatids
Type of nuclear division that produces four haploids genetically different
Meiosis
What can happen in when the cell cycle gets out of control, with checkpoints being ignored
Cancer
The contraction of the cytoplasm during Telophase forms a ___
Cleavage furrow
Middle part of a chromosome
Centromere
Cytoskeletal structure that pulls chromatids apart, made of microtubules
Spindle
Checkpoint that checks for DNA damage/mutations before the cell continues to divide
S checkpoint
Homologous chromosomes pairing up
Synapsis
Cell plants have a cell wall, so they can't form a cleavage furrow. They have to form a cell plate made of ____
Vesicles