Reinforcement & Behavior Supports
A consequence that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood the behavior will occur again.
What is reinforcement?
Food or drink rewards used to reinforce behavior.
What are edible reinforcers?
Reinforcement provided every time a behavior occurs.
What is continuous reinforcement?
Teaching a behavior by reinforcing small steps toward the final behavior.
What is shaping?
A strategy where prompts are gradually removed so the student performs the skill independently.
What is fading?
The type of reinforcement where a stimulus is presented after a behavior to increase the likelihood it will occur again.
What is positive reinforcement?
Praise, smiles, eye contact, and teacher attention.
What are social reinforcers?
Reinforcement provided only some of the time.
What is intermittent reinforcement?
Breaking a task into steps and teaching them in sequence.
What is chaining?
An antecedent stimulus that signals reinforcement is available.
What is a discriminative stimulus (SD)?
The type of reinforcement where an aversive stimulus is removed after a behavior, increasing the likelihood the behavior will occur again.
What is negative reinforcement?
Toys, clothing, or physical items used as rewards.
What are tangible reinforcers?
The stage of learning when continuous reinforcement is most effective.
What is the acquisition stage?
Teaching the last step of a task first.
What is backward chaining?
A condition that increases the value of a reinforcer.
What are establishing operations?
The two main forms of reinforcement used to increase appropriate behavior.
What are positive and negative reinforcement?
Reinforcers that occur naturally as part of completing a task.
What are naturally occurring reinforcers?
The stage of learning when intermittent reinforcement is most effective.
What are the fluency and maintenance stages?
Teaching the first step of a task first and progressing forward.
What is forward chaining?
A classroom reinforcement model where students work in teams to earn points or rewards.
What is a team-based reinforcement system?
The four aspects of behavior reinforcement may increase.
What are rate, frequency, duration, and intensity of behavior?
A system where students earn items like points or stickers that can be exchanged for rewards.
What is a token economy?
Two reinforcement schedules based on time rather than number of responses.
What are fixed interval and variable interval schedules?
A teaching strategy where students attempt the entire task from beginning to end.
What is total task presentation?
A schoolwide framework that uses reinforcement to promote positive student behavior.
What is PBIS (Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports)?