9.1 Innovation boosts growth
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
What theory justifies the success/ruthlessness of the super-rich?
Social Darwinism
Who created a town for his workers and created elegant sleeping cars?
George Pullman
Asian immigrants came through what island? Where is it?
Angel Island; West Coast - San Fran
What caused people to get sick in cities?
Contaminated Water
What flourished as education expanded?
Newspapers and literature
This takes control of businesses within the supply chain
Vertical Integration
Who first used a steam engine to drill for oil?
Edwin Drake
An industrialist who uses their wealth for selfish and greedy purposes, not caring about who gets hurt in the process?
Robber Baron
What is collective Bargaining?
Negotiating as a group for better wages/conditions/etc. - Union does this
War, famine, and religious persecution are examples of what?
Push factors
Why did Rural Americans move to cities?
Couldn't make enough money on the farm
How did people measure success after the Civil War?
Based on what they could buy/how much they could buy
Which industrialist wanted to take revenge against Rockefeller?
Carnegie
Who created the Bessemer process? First and last name.
Henry Bessemer
What type of integration combines many companies into one?
Horizontal Integration
What organization worked for broad social reforms?
Knights of Labor
Where did New Immigrants come from?
Eastern and Southern Europe
List two of the many things that couldn't handle the quickly growing population
water, sewer systems, Shcools, safety
What is Conspicuous Consumerism?
Consumers wanted and bought new products on the market
Who made his money first through shipping?
Vanderbilt
Who helped establish the American Federation of Labor?
Samuel Gompers
What law made it illegal to interfere with free trade?
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
How many hours and days a week did factory workers work?
12 hours a day - 6 days/week
Religious freedom, and economic opportunity are examples of what?
Pull Factors
What was a cheap form of housing that was often overcrowded and poorly ventilated?
Tenement
What became popular as people had more time and money to spend?
Clubs, music halls, sports venues
What two new technologies allowed skyscrapers to be built?
Steel (Bessemer process), elevators
What challenged industries to make goods more quickly and efficiently?
Civil War
An industrialist who uses their wealth to benefit others.
Captain of Industry
Give three examples that made factory work dangerous.
debris in the air, little ventilation, overheated, poorly lit, long hours.
What was passed by Congress to restrict immigration?
Chinese Exclusion Act
What became a danger, especially in crowded living spaces?
FIRE
What were movies called during this time?
Nickelodeons
Who helped establish the American Federation of Labor?
Samuel Gompers
What two things did the South lack, causing their economy to suffer?
What is it called when someone has complete control over an entire industry?
Monopoly
Which act moved to monitor railroad shipping rights?
Interstate Commerce Act
What does it mean to Americanize?
Make immigrants take on American culture
What new profession was regulated by cities to help keep cities safe?
Police officers
What year did baseball become an organized sport?
1876
Which industrialist tried to make money in railroads and oil?
Tom Scott