overview of cellular respiration
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C.
What is a calorie?
This six carbon sugar is broken down during glycolysis.
What is glucose?
This process releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.
What is fermentation?
Before entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid combines with this coenzyme to form acetyl-CoA.
What is coenzyme A?
The electron transport chain uses this from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP.
What are high energy electrons?
The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
What is cellular respiration?
Glycolysis produces two of this three carbon compound.
What is pyruvic acid?
Fermentation does not require oxygen, which makes it this type of reaction.
What is anaerobic?
If oxygen is present, then the reaction is considered this.
What is aerobic?
Oxygen's role in cellular respiration is to act as this in the electron transport chain.
What is the final electron acceptor?
These are the three sections or parts of cellular respiration.
What are glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain?
Although 4 ATP are produced during glycolysis, 2 ATP are used, resulting in this net gain.
What is 2 ATP?
This gas is produced during alcoholic fermentation, which causes bread to rise.
What is carbon dioxide?
The Krebs cycle is also known by this name.
What is the citric acid cycle?
Although glycolysis and the Krebs cycle make some ATP directly, this stage produces the majority of ATP in cellular respiration.
What is the electron transport chain?
Give me the formula for cellular respiration.
What is 6O2 + C6H12O6 ——> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
During glycolysis, electrons are transferred to this molecule, producing NADH.
What is NAD+?
this substance is produced in your muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissue. Muscles may hurt or feel so sore after only a few seconds of activity.
What is lactic acid?
During the Krebs cycle, electrons are transferred to these two electron carriers.
What are NAD⁺ and FAD?
ATP synthase produces ATP when this particle moves back across the membrane through the enzyme.
What are H+ ions?
this would happen if cellular respiration took place in just one step.
What is all of the energy from glucose would be released at once and most would be lost in the form of light and heat?
Unlike later stages of cellular respiration, glycolysis can occur without this gas.
What is oxygen?
During alcoholic fermentation, the type of alcohol that is produced is known as this.
What is ethyl alcohol?
From one molecule of pyruvic acid, the Krebs cycle produces one ATP, one FADH₂, and this number of NADH molecules.
What is four?
The 36 ATP molecules represent about 38% of the total energy of glucose. What happens to the remaining 62%?
What is it is released as heat?