Defintions
Memory
- storage of learned information over time
Explicit Memory
Conscious recall of infomation and experiences
Neocortex
Brain region for storing and retrieving domain-specific knowledge
Classical conditioning
A type of nondeclarative memory that involves learning through association.
Delay period activity
A neuroimaging method used to study memory and the brain
Encoding
- Initial learning process of memory formation
Implicit memory
Unconscious memory influencing behavior
Hippocampus
Key structure in forming new memories
Phonological loop
Allows for the temporary storage of information that is encoded phonologically.
Digit span task
Errors on this task are more likely to be phonological (e.g., confusing 'six' and 'seven') than visual (confusing 6 and 8).
Retrieval
Episodic Memory
Memory for personal experiences and events
Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL)
Brain region critical for memory processes
Perceptual learning
A form of nondeclarative memory that involves the improvement of perceptual skills.
Subsequent memory paradigm
A research method that records neural activity during encoding and tests memory recall
Anterograde amnesia
- Inability to form new memories post injury.
Semantic Memory
Memory for facts and general knowledge
Basal Ganglia
Subcortical structures involved in implicit memory
Cognitive neuro methods for studying memory
Methods include multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA), subsequent memory paradigms, and delay period activity.
Average capacity of working memory (spatial span)
around 6 items
Name and define 3 different types of memory.
short-term, long-term, declarative, nondeclarative, working, echoic, etc.
Procedural memory
Memory for skills and tasks, often implicit
Case Study of H.M.
- Famous case illustrating memory dissociations
- Got surgery to remove his hippocampus due to severe epilepsy
Patient KF
A case study of a patient with damage to the left perisylvian cortex who had a digit span of 1 but could form long-term memories.
Average capacity of working memory (digit span)
around 7 items