Earthquakes 1
Which term describes a fracture in the Earth's crust where rocks move?
Fault
Vibrations that travel through Earth caused by a sudden release of energy.
What are seismic waves?
What three things do volcanoes expel?
gasses, ash, and lava
What is the most active volcanic region?
The Ring of Fire
What should you do if there's an approaching tsunami?
Do not stay in low-lying coastal areas after a felt earthquake. Move to higher grounds immediately.
The point of origin of seismic waves is called_____.
Focus or Hypocenter
The study of earthquake is called ___.
seismology.
Which volcano is built by alternating layers of lava and ash and can create explosive eruptions?
Strato volcano
What type of volcano is paricutin in Mexico?
Cinder cone volcano
The scale used to rank earthquake intensity based on eyewitness reports of surface damage?
Modified Mercalli Scale
What are the three types of faults?
*strike-slip fault
*normal fault
*reverse fault
What are the two types of seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior?
Primary (P) and Secondary (S) waves
This forms after a volcano has erupted and the center has collaposed to leave a hole which can fill with water.
What is a caldera?
Very viscous magma high in silica content are known as this.
What are felsic magma?
When a pyroclastic flow mixes with melted snow, this muddy phenomenon is often observed.
What is a lahar?
These seismic waves move side to side, perpandicular to the direction of travel.
What are Secondary waves? (Also called S-waves, shear waves, or transverse waves.)
Name one thing you should avoid if you are outside during an earthquake.
wires, buildings, or trees.
These are created when water is super heated heated beneath the Earth’s surface and eventually erupts from underground.
What is a geyser?
A wave of volcanic ash and debris that rushes down the side of a volcano is known as this.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
What Continents does the ring of fire touch?(Atleast give 2)
South America, North America, Japan, New zealand
Describe the three types of seismic waves.
P waves- cause particles in the ground to move in a push -pull motion.
S waves- cause particles to move at right angle relative to the direction of the wave.
Surface waves- cause particles to move in a rolling motion.
What US State has the record for the LARGEST earthquake?
Alaska
Magma low in silica, high in magnesium and iron minerals with low viscosity are known as this.
What are mafic magma?
Where is the oldest igneous rock found after a fissure volcano erupts?
a. Closest to the fissure (crack)
b. Farthest from the fissure (crack)
b. Farthest from the fissure (crack)
Why do hot spot volcanoes eventually erupt?
a. The magma pushes other rocks out of the way and lava seeps out the sides
b. Hot spot volcanoes actually do not erupt, the tectonic plates move slowly over time and new rock gets formed
c. The heat from the mantle melts the rock above it turning it into lava and heats the gases inside eventually causing an eruption
c. The heat from the mantle melts the rock above it turning it into lava and heats the gases inside eventually causing an eruption