Vocabulary
This is used to predict the allele combinations of offspring by crossing known genetic combinations.
What is Punnett Squares?
What is the name of an organism that produce offspring of the same variety over many generations through self-pollination?
What is True-Breeding?
This occurs when neither allele in a genotype is fully dominant.
What is Incomplete Dominance?
Father pass their X gene to this offspring.
What is their Daughter?
This is the offspring whose phenotype is different from its parents.
What is recombinants?
This describes the genetic makeup (alleles) of an organism.
What is Genotype?
What genotype occurs by a homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive true-breeding pair ?
What is Heterozygous?
This occurs when two alleles that affect phenotype are both expressed.
What is Codominance?
In order for a female to express a trait that is recessive on the X chromosome, they must have this genotype?
What is homozygous?
Because males have only one X chromosome, they will express a X-linked trait if they inherit it from this parent.
What is Mother?
This rule provides the probability that two or more mutually exclusive events will occur.
What is the Addition Rule?
After two true-breeding plants produce all heterozygotes, the heterozygotes, when self-bred, produce offspring with a phenotypic ratio of this.
What is 3:1?
When genes are linked, they present in parental phenotypes at this percentage.
What is 50% or higher?
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited in this way.
What is Maternal?
This explains why some linked genes become separated during meiosis.
What is crossing over?
This rule provides the probability of two or more independent events occurring together in some specific combination.
What is the Multiplication Rule?
This law describes how genes for one trait are not inherited with genes of another trait, and is only applied to genes that are located on different chromosomes or on chromosomes that are far apart.
What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
This occurs because various environmental factors can influence gene expression.
What is phenotypic plasticity?
These are genes that are located near each other on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together.
What is linked genes?
This occurs for genes that exist in form with more than two alleles.
What is Multiple Alleles?
This is a family tree that gives a visual of inheritance patterns of particular traits.
What is a Pedigree?
This law describes how two alleles for the same trait separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.
What is the Law of Segregation?
This occurs when two or more genes act on a single phenotype.
What is polygenetic inheritance?
This is occurs when the phenotypic expression of a gene at one locus affects the gene at another locus.
What is Epistasis?
This occurs when chromosomes fail to separate properly in meiosis.
What is nondisjunction?