Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
The functional unit of a skeletal muscle
What is the sarcomere?
When a muscle cell is at rest, most of the intracellular calcium is found stored here
What is sarcoplasmic reticulum?
A single contraction in response to a single threshold stimulus is defined as this
What is a twitch?
The energy source that is used directly for muscle contraction
What is ATP?
Contraction of this sheet of smooth muscle results in shortening of the organ
What is longitudinal layer?
A sheetlike extension of the epimysium
What is aponeurosis?
Calcium ions will bind to ________ when present in the sarcoplasm
What is troponin?
The force exerted by a contracting muscle
What is muscle tension?
Muscle soreness may be due in part to this pathway of ATP production
What is anaerobic glycolysis?
Smooth muscle cells can contract as a unit because of the presence of this
What is gap junctions?
Thick filaments are found in here in the sarcomere
What is A band
The substance must bind to myosin heads in order for the heads to detach from the thin filaments
What is ATP?
The time that elapses between the stimulation of a muscle and the contraction of that muscle is defined as this
What is latent period?
After about 30 minutes of exercise, this substance becomes the major source of fuel
What is fatty acid?
Calcium binds to this substance in smooth muscle contraction
What is calmodulin?
In a resting muscle cell, the myosin-binding sites are blocked by this
What is tropomyosin?
Calcium is released from the terminal cisterns in response to this
What is an action potential?
The three factors that affects the force of muscle contraction
What is relative size of muscle fibers, number of muscle fibers stimulated, and degree of muscle stretch?
This activity would be most dependent upon creatine
What is diving?
Smooth muscle contains ________ that correspond to the Z discs of skeletal muscle
What are dense bodies?
T tubules are an extension of this
What is sarcolemma?
Calcium reenter the terminal cisterns after muscle contraction is finished through this mechanism
What is active transport?
Skeletal muscle contractions increase in strength because of this
What is recruitment of motor units?
This term refers to the length of time a muscle can continue to contract using aerobic pathways
What is aerobic endurance?
What three unique characteristic of smooth muscle allows your stomach to stretch as you eat and contract immediately to expel food
What is hyperplasmia, slow contraction, and single-unit contraction?