Interphase
G1, S, G2
The uncontrolled growth and division of cells
Cancer
How many stages of cell division?
5
Chromosomes align on equator
Metaphase
unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells
Stem cells
DNA is copied in this stage
S
Cancer causing substances and agents
carcinogens
Stage where the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide.
Mitosis
In plant cells, a cell plate forms --dividing daughter cells
Cytokinesis
Key limiting factor the size of the cell
Surface area to volume ratio
Resting stage where cells are neither growing or preparing to divide
G0
What happens if a cell fails to pass a checkpoint?
Apoptosis - programmed cell death
Longest stage of Mitosis?
Prophase
The mitotic spindle disappears and the nuclear membrane reappears.
Telophase
Relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus
Chromatin
Which protein is most directly responsible for halting the cell cycle in the presence of DNA damage in the S phase?
Cyclin
Name three major checkpoints
G1, S, End of G2, end of Mitosis
What structure is responsible for separating sister chromatids during mitosis?
spindle fibers
Which cell cycle phase involves visible chromosomes for the first time?
Prophase
Method by which prokaryotic cells reproduce
Binary Fission
How long to dividing mammalian cells typically spend in interphase?
~ 22-24 hours
What combination of two substances come together to signal cellular reproduction?
Cyclin and CDK
Structure at the center of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached
Centromere
The cell is preparing all necessary enzymes and proteins needed for mitosis but has not yet started division.
G2
G1, S, G2, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis.