9.1 Early Reconstruction
The amendment to the Constitution that banned all slavery in the United States.
What is the Thirteenth Amendment? (page 497)
Laws that severely limited the rights of freedmen.
What are black codes? (page 500)
People who rented and farmed a plot of land.
What are sharecroppers? (page 512)
The legal separation of races.
What is segregation? (page 516)
For a southern state to create a government, 10% of their voters must swear loyalty to the Union.
What is Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan? (page 494)
Threw out Southern states' governments that did not ratify the 14th amendment.
What is the Reconstruction Act? (page 502)
A word used by southerners to refer to southern white Republicans.
What are scalawags? (page 507)
A law requiring voters to pay a fee each time they vote.
What are poll taxes? (page 515)
The date that Lincoln was shot.
When is April 14, 1865? (page 496)
To bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official.
What is impeach? (page 503)
A secret society that worked to keep African Americans and white Republicans out of office.
What is the Klu Klux Klan? (page 509)
A law requiring voters to read and explain a part of the Constitution to vote.
What is a literacy test? (page 515)
A pardon given by a government to confederates who swore loyalty to the Union.
What is amnesty? (page 495)
The winner of the election of 1868.
Who is Ulysses S. Grant? (page 504)
A word used to refer to northerners who came to the South during Reconstruction. They were thought to be in such a rush that they only brought a few belongings in carpetbags.
What are carpetbaggers? (page 507)
Laws that separated races in playgrounds, hospitals, cemeteries, trains, etc.
What are Jim Crow laws? (page 516)
A rival plan for reconstruction. It required a majority of white men in the south to swear loyalty to the Union.
What is the Wade-Davis Bill? (page 495)
The year the Fifteenth Amendment was ratified.
When is 1870? (page 505)
The United States' first black senator in 1870. He completed the unfinished term of former Confederate president Jefferson Davis.
Who is Hiram Rhodes Revels? (page 507)
A law to let poor whites vote when they couldn't pass the literacy test. If their father or grandfather were eligible to vote on January 1, 1867, they could vote too.
What are grandfather clauses? (page 515-516)