Civil War
Which point of view on the cause of the Civil War would have been held by a Northern Republican?
A: Southern state government had an obligation to secede once a majority of their voters had approved it
B: Abolitionists caused the Civil War by placing the abolition of slavery ahead of the need to preserve the Union
C: Those voters who elected Abraham Lincoln caused the war by ignoring the fears of many white Southerners
D: Southern slaveholders were so devoted to the immoral system of slavery that they betrayed the nation to preserve this practice
D: Southern slaveholders were so devoted to the immoral system of slavery that they betrayed the nation to preserve this practice
What was the purpose of the Grange movement?
A. to fight the corruption of political machines in cities
B. to break the rural isolation of farmers and represent their interests
C. to halt the influx of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe
D. to agitate for government ownership of railroads, telegraphs, and telephones
B. to break the rural isolation of farmers and represent their interests
Which amendment guaranteed the "equal protection" of the laws to all American citizens, including the former enslaved individuals?
A: 1st
B: 13th
C: 14th
D: 15th
C: 14th
How did the Dawes Act (1887) mark a departure from earlier federal Indian policy?
A:It led to conflicts between new settlers and Indian tribes on the Great Plains
B: It moved Indian tribes still on the Great Plains to reservations farther west
C: It permitted Indians to withdraw private plots from the tribal reservation
D: It encouraged the shooting of buffalo herds from new railroad lines
C: It permitted Indians to withdraw private plots from the tribal reservation
How should former Confederate leaders be
How should Southern states be readmitted to the Union?
How should four million freedmen enter into public life and the free market economy?
How should the economy of the South be rebuilt?
1. What was one impact of these issues on Republicans following the Civil War?
A. They rejected the idea of creating a group of new African-American voters sympathetic to their party.
B. They disagreed over whether the President or Congress should set conditions for Reconstruction.
C. They agreed to let Southerners govern their own affairs without federal interference.
D. They refused to treat the Southern states as conquered areas.
B. They disagreed over whether the President or Congress should set conditions for Reconstruction.
"We think... that [African Americans] are not included and are not intended to be included under the word 'citizen' in the constitution." (Dred Scott v. Sanford)
How did this decision contribute to the outbreak of the Civil War four years later?
A: It destroyed existing compromises that had kept the nation together despite differences over slavery
B:It helped abolitionists in their campaign to challenge the Fugitive Slave Law
C: It led enslaved African Americans to rebel in major Southern cities
D: It resolved the issue of the extension of slavery in the new western territories
A: It destroyed existing compromises that had kept the nation together despite differences over slavery
The except below is from a law enacted by Congress in 1887.
Section 4. That it shall be unlawful for any common carrier subject to the provisions of this act to change or receive any greater compensation in the aggregate for the transportation of passengers or of like kind of property, under substantially similar circumstances and conditions, for a shorter than for a longer distance over the same line, in the same direction, the shorter being included within the longer distance...
Why did Congress pass this law?
A. Only Congress had the right to regulate economic activities even within a single state.
B. Congress wanted to save natural resources by discouraging shipments over long distances.
C. The Supreme Court had overruled state laws prohibiting unjust practices by interstate railroads.
D. Political machines influenced Congress to pass legislation favoring some companies over others
C. The Supreme Court had overruled state laws prohibiting unjust practices by interstate railroads.
Which is the best contemporary definition of a "carpetbagger"?
A: A Northern abolitionist who supported the Freedmen's Bureau
B: A Northerner who came to the South after the Civil War
C: A white Southerner who supported Reconstruction
D: A freedman entitled to vote
B: A Northerner who came to the South after the Civil War
What was the main purpose of the reservation system?
A: To make the new transcontinental railroad safer to operate
B: To clear federal lands for settlement by railroads, ranchers, and farmers
C: To provide employment for Union troops and veterans after the Civil War
D: To make it easier for Indians to assimilate into mainstream American culture
B: To clear federal lands for settlement by railroads, ranchers, and farmers
What demand was made in the Populist Party platform of 1892?
A. higher tariffs
B. a graduated income tax
C. unrestricted immigration
D. selection of U.S. Senators by state legislatures
B. a graduated income tax
Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War?
A: Southerners feared that Northerners intended to abolish slavery
B: Southern states wanted a free hand in suppressing local slave revolts
C: The Dred Scott decision led Northern state officials to defy federal law
D: Northerners opposed the shipment of Southern cotton to Great Britain
A: Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War?
The excerpt below is from the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v.Ferguson (1896).
Laws permitting, or even requiring, the separation of the races do not place a badge of inferiority upon one group over another. Thus it is not a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
What practice did this ruling uphold?
A.job training for freedmen
B.free public schooling for all races
C.racial segregation by Jim Crow laws
D.African-American participation in politics
C.racial segregation by Jim Crow laws
Which two groups most helped the freedmen during the Reconstruction Era?
A: Radical Republicans and carpetbaggers
B: Northern Democrats and KKK members
C: Southern Democrats and supporters of the Black Codes
D: Confederate veterans and supporters of President Andrew Johnson
A: Radical Republicans and carpetbaggers
Which strategy was used by farmers to overcome the frequent lack of rainfalls on the Great Plains?
A. digging canals to bring water from the Great Lakes
B. relying on trains to transport water from eastern states
C. using wells and building windmills to pump groundwater
D. growing new crops that could survive well in desert conditions
C. using wells and building windmills to pump groundwater
What impact did Radical Republicans in Congress have on Reconstruction?
A. They opposed the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment.
B. They encouraged the freedmen to exercise their new political rights.
C. They persuaded President Johnson to pardon former Confederate leaders.
D. They prevented President Johnson from sending federal troops to the South.
B. They encouraged the freedmen to exercise their new political rights.
"So as to envelope the insurgent States and bring them to terms, with less bloodshed than by any other plan" (Anaconda Plan)
What was the main objective of the plan described in General Scott's letter?
A: To attack and bring under control a few key Southern cities
B: To disrupt Southern supply lines by controlling the railroad junctions in the South
C: To sign treaties with Britain & France to prevent them from assisting the South
D: To suffocate the South by controlling the Mississippi River and the Southern ports
B: To disrupt Southern supply lines by controlling the railroad junctions in the South
What was a negative aspect of the "Americanization" policy introduced by the Dawes Act (1887) for American Indians?
A. Indians attended reservation schools and learned a trade.
B. Indians could own and farm 160 acres of their own land.
C. Indians learned English and could gain the right to vote.
D. Indians saw the survival of their traditional cultures threatened.
D. Indians saw the survival of their traditional cultures threatened.
What was an important effect of the share cropping system and debt peonage?
A: Freedmen achieved social and political equality in the South
B: Freedmen played an important role in local and state government.
C: Freedmen achieved economic independence from their former masters
D: Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters
D: Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters
The excerpt below is from William Jenning Bryan's speech at the Democratic Convention in 1896.
Having behind us the producing masses of this nation and the world, supported by the commercial interests, the laboring interests, and the toilers everywhere, we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them: "You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold."
Based on this speech, what did Bryan demand in his subsequent campaign for the Presidency?
A. the acquisition of colonies to increase employment opportunities
B.the creation of a national park system to protect the nation's wildlife
C. a policy of bimetallism that would help farmers by raising crop prices
D. higher tariffs to protect American manufacturers from foreign goods
C. a policy of bimetallism that would help farmers by raising crop prices
Which phrase completes the diagram on the left?
A.Discriminated against African Americans
B.Required racial segregation in all public places
C.Provided Americans of all races with equal rights under the law
D.Denied African Americans any freedom of movement or basic civil rights
A.Discriminated against African Americans
Which Constitutional issue was raised in the North during the Civil War?
A: Did citizens who were fighting in the Union Army have a right to vote regardless of age?
B: Did political opponents have the right to advocate negotiation with the South to stop the fighting?
C: Did the President and Congress have the right to raise an armed force to put down the rebellion of the South
D: Did the President have the right to suspend habeas corpus in order to keep in prison those who spoke against the war effort?
D: Did the President have the right to suspend habeas corpus in order to keep in prison those who spoke against the war effort?
Which was NOT a problem faced by farmers in the late 19th century?
A. Overproduction on the Great Plains led to a drop in crop prices.
B. Rising city populations were willing to pay higher prices for food
C. Railroads and grain elevator owners were making huge profits on farmers.
D. Famers owed money on loans for farm machinery, improvements and bad times.
B. Rising city populations were willing to pay higher prices for food
"If [African American] suffrage is excluded in the rebel states, then every one of them is sure to send a [Democratic]representation to Congress and pass a solid [Democratic] electoral vote [for President]" (Thaddeus Stevens)
What reason did Stevens give in this statement for granting voting rights to African Americans?
A: African Americans deserved to vote after contributing their unpaid labor for centuries
B: Democrats and Republicans were in agreement on the fairness of letting all races vote
C: Republicans must offer voting rights to Freedmen before Southern Democrats do
D: Black voters would help Republicans to maintain control of the Congress and Presidency
D: Black voters would help Republicans to maintain control of the Congress and Presidency
Why did the Union impose a naval blockade on the South during the Civil War?
A. to promote domestic industries in the South
B. to strangle the shipment of supplies to the Confederacy
C. to motivate enslaved African Americans to migrate to the North
D. to encourage Union sympathizers to persuade their states to rejoin the Union
D. to encourage Union sympathizers to persuade their states to rejoin the Union
Stephen Douglas delivered the speech below in Illinois in October 1858.
The next question ... is can the people of a Territory in any lawful way ... exclude slavery from their limits... [In my opinion, the people of a Territory can, by lawful means, exclude slavery... It matters not what way the Supreme Court may hereafter decide... for the reason that slavery cannot exist a day or an hour anywhere unless it is supported by local police regulations. Those police regulations can only be established by the local legislature...
Which of the following did Stephen Douglas support in this speech?
A. Wilmot Proviso
B. Ostend Manifesto
C. Freeport Doctrine
D. Dred Scott decision
C. Freeport Doctrine