Chapter 1
What is EMS?
The Emergency Medical System
What is the mnemonic that can help you remember what to ask an injured person when conducting a brief interview?
SAMPLE
What occurs when the blood flows to the part of the heart muscle that is blocked?
Heart Attack
What occurs when the airway becomes either partially or completely blocked by a foreign object, such as food/toy?
What is an illness that strikes suddenly and usually on lasts for a short period of time?
Acute Illness
What is consent "given" by someone who is unresponsive, confused or mentally ill is not able to grant consent?
Implied Consent
Adult: extend arm to head, roll them to the side, and bend their knees
Infant: place on side, face down on forearm, support head & neck
What occurs when the heart stops beating/ beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs?
Cardiac Arrest
How to care for a child who is choking?
- encourage child to keep coughing
- call 911
- get on one knee and position behind the child
- 5 back blows
- 5 abdominal thrusts
- repeat
What is an illness that a person lives with on an ongoing basis that often requires continuous treatment to manage?
Chronic Illness
What are laws that protect responders who act the way a "reasonable and prudent person" would act in the same situation.
Good Samaritan Law
Steps for checking someone who appears responsive?
- Send someone to call 911
- Obtain AED/First Aid Kit
- Gather information from bystanders
- Head to toe check
- Recovery position.
Name a skill that is used when a person is in cardiac arrest to keep oxygenated blood moving to the brain and other vital organs until advanced medical help arrives.
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
- 5 back blows
- 5 abdominal thrusts
Name 3 Signs and Symptoms of Sudden Illness
(Can be any of these below)
- Trouble Breathing
- Pain (chest/abdominal)
- Light headedness
- Nausea, vomiting etc
- Fever
- Pale/Flushed skin
What are the four signs of an emergency?
- unusual sounds
- unusual odors
- unusual sights
- unusual behaviors
What does SAMPLE stand for?
- Signs and Symptoms
- Allergies
- Medications
- Pertinent Medical History
- Last food or drink
- Events leading up to the incident
Name three symptoms of a heart attack.
(can be any of these below)
- Persistent Chest Pain
- Dizziness/Light Headed
- Nausea
- Pale/Ashy Skin
- Sweating
- Anxiety
- Fatigue
How to respond if the person choking becomes unresponsive?
1) Lower to the ground
2) Begin CPR if trained
3) After each set, look for the object
Name 3 Signs of an Asthma Attack
- Wheezing/coughing
- Rapid/Shallow Breathing
- Sweating
What are the steps to obtaining consent to help?
- state name
- state level of training (certified)
- explain the issue
- explain what you plan to do
- ask if you have permission to help
What is the order in which you should check each part of the body?
1) Head & Neck
2) Shoulders
3) Chest & Abdomen
4) Hips
5) Legs & Feet
6) Arms & Hands
Steps for giving CPR to an Adult
1) Position Hands
2) Set of 30 Compressions (at least 2 inches)
3) 2 Breaths
4) Repeat until responsive
A life-threatening BLS emergency in which breathing is absent or not normal and the heart is still beating?
What is Respiratory Arrest.
Steps to assisting with an Epi- Pen
1) Check the label
2) Determine whether the person has already had a dose of the injection
3) Locate the outer middle of one thigh
4) Grasp auto injector firmly in one fist and pull off cap
5) Have the person inject themselves and hear a click
6) Remove and check condition of the person