an arrest takes place when a person suspected of a crime is taken into custody
100
Explain the exclusionary rule
a legal rule that generally prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence
100
What is the inappropriate use of race as a factor in investigations
Racial profiling
100
What is the formal process of making a police record of the arrest called?
booking
100
what is a grand jury
a group of 16-23 people who determine if a certain person committed a crime and should stand trial
200
What is a court order commanding that the person named in it be taken into custody
An arrest warrant
200
who is a search warrant obtained from
a judge
200
What is interrogation
a questioning of an accused person of a crime
200
what is arraignment
a court session at which a defendant is charged and enters a plea
200
what is the formal charge of criminal action called
indictment
300
What is the difference between probable cause to arrest and reasonable suspicion
Probable cause to arrest means having a reasonable belief that a specific person has committed a crime and reasonable suspicion is evidence that justifies an officer in stopping and questioning an individual believed to be involved in criminal activity; based on less evidence than probable cause, but more than a mere hunch
300
what is bona fide
a genuine need to search a person or a place
300
True or False:
The U.S. constitution does not provide citizens with a prosecution against self incrimination
False
300
What is the purpose of bail
to assure the court that the defendant will return for trial
300
what is the plea where the defendant does not admit guilt but also does not contest the charges
Nolo contendere
400
What are drug courier profiles based on
Based on: commonly held nations concerning the typical age, race, personal appearance, behavior, and mannerisms of drug couriers
400
what is a sworn statement of facts and circumstances that provides the probable cause to believe that a search is justified
An affidavit
400
What is custodial interrogation?
a questioning by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his or her freedom of action
400
what is it called when the defendant must promise to return to trial and is considered a low risk of failing to do so
personal recognizance
400
What are the pretrial motions (give examples)
motion for discovery of evidence
motion for continuance
motion for change of venue
motion to suppress evidence
500
What is a stop and frisk
a limited pat down of the persons outer clothing to remove any weapons the person may be carrying
500
In certain cases are searches without a warrant legal?
Yes
500
What amendment presents the Miranda rights?
The fifth
500
what is a preliminary hearing
a screening process to determine whether there is enough evidence to require the defendant to stand in trial
500
what are two major arguments in support of the exclusionary rule?