Chapter 27
What does nutritional therapy for cardiovascular disease focus on reducing?
Saturated and trans-fat
Cholesterol
Sodium intake
Red meats
What are the goals for nutritional therapy for patients with diabetes?
Control the amount of carbs in the diet
Maintain blood glucose between 70 and 120
What are functions of the family?
Physical maintenance
Protection
Nurturance
Socialization
Education
Reproducgtion
Recreation
Support
What is the biologic clock theory?
The biologic clock theory suggests that body cells are programmed to function for a specific length of time and then break down and die.
What changes happen to the respiratory system with aging?
Thickened alveolar walls, causing less elasticity
Weakened respiratory muscles
Decreased vital capacity and tidal volume
Decreased number of cilia
What should someone reduce if they have atherosclerosis and want to manage it with diet?
Saturated fats
Trans fats
Cholesterol
What kind of diet does the ADA recommend for diabetics?
A diet of moderate complex carbohydrates including:
Pasta
Beans
Whole grains
Rice
Fruit
What are the risk factors of divorce?
What is the wear-and-tear theory?
The wear-and-tear theory suggests that the body cells and organs eventually wear out, much like machinery does.
What changes occur with the integumentary system with aging?
Thinner and drier skin
Loss of subcutaneous fat
Slowed rate of hair and nail growth
Where do saturated fats come from?
Red meats
Eggs
High-fat dairy products
What diseases are patients with diabetes at high risk for?
Cardiovascular disease
Hypertension
Kidney Disease
Blindness
Stroke
What are the effects of divorce on young children?
Young children may believe they are to blame for the family breakup. The children often harbor guilt and may fantasize about reuniting the family.
Explain the disengagement theory.
The disengagement theory suggests that it is normal for older adults and society to withdraw from each other.
When it comes to activity, what kind of acgtivity can stimulate cognitive function?
Regular exercise of at least 30 minutes five times a week helps decrease mental decline. Encourage older adults to engage in some sort of exercise program, even simply walking in the neighborhood.
What foods help lower cholesterol?
Low-fat dairy products
Vegetable oils
Poultry
Fish
What is the nutritional therapy for HIV wasting syndrome?
Replacing fluid and electrolytes
Fostering weight gain
Replacing muscle mass with protein
Maintaining the immune system
What kind of behaviors indicate maturity?
The ability to:
Explain the activity theory.
The activity theory suggests that people who remain interested and active will continue to enjoy life and live longer.
As people get older, they spend time thinking about their lives. If they view their lives as good and satisfying, they have ego integrity (the state of being complete). If they view their lives as bad or unhappy, they have despair. Resolution to ego integrity may occur if you can help the person find enough areas of satisfaction to outnumber the areas of regret.
How does a person get Vitamin D?
Diet
Manufactured by skin in response to sunlight exposure
What are the recommendations for someone with dumping syndrome?
Eat small, frequent meals
Decrease intake of simple carbs
Drink fluids 45-60 minutes before or after meals
Lie down for 15-20 minutes after meals to decrease dumping
What does good physical health at age 30 predict?
Good health in later years
What normal changes occur in the brain with aging?
Which type of health promotion behaviors help with successful cognitive aging?
Positive attitude
Hobbies and volunteerism
Puzzles, reading, computer