A relatively permanent change in behavior, or behavior potential, as a result of experience
What is the definition of learning?
100
A light or sound predicts receiving food.
What did Pavlov's dogs learn through his experiment?
100
The word that describes what can happen to a response if it's stopped being paired with a stimulus. The organism stops responding.
What is extinction?
100
Both strengthen behaviors
How are positive and negative reinforcement alike?
100
A reinforcer that is reinforcing in and of itself
What is a primary reinforcer?
200
Orienting reflex, habituation, dishabituation
What are the most basic types of learning?
200
The dogs in Pavlov's experiment began to salivate to different but similar sounds.
What is an example of stimulus generalization?
200
Classical conditioning that occurs when an organism pairs the experience of nausea with a certain food and becomes conditioned to feel ill at the sight, smell, or idea of the food.
What is taste aversion?
200
One strengthens a behavior by adding something pleasant to the organism and one strengthens a behavior by removing something unpleasant from the organism.
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforncement?
200
Continuous, Partial
What are the 2 types of schedules of reinforcement?
300
We ignore the things that are important in the enironment and pay attention to information that we need.
What is the advantage of habituation and dishabituation?
300
Contiguity (closeness in time)
What is one of the 3 important factors that affected the dog's rate of learning and influences learning in general?
300
Word that describes the tendency for a conditioned response to reappear and strengthen over a brief period of time before re-extinguishing.
What is spontaneous recovery?
300
The organism learns through the consequences of its behavior
How does Operant Conditioning work?
300
A schedule of reinforcement in which the organism is rewarded for every xth instance of the desired response
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
400
Ivan Pavlov
Who is the founder of Classical Conditioning?
400
Consistency and Reliability
What are 2 other factors that influence learning?
400
Edward Thorndike
Who began studying and doing research with principles of operant conditioning?
400
The weakening of a response that occurs when a behavior leads to an unpleasant consequence.
What is the definition of punishment?
400
Using operant conditioning to build a new behavior in an organism by rewarding successive approximations of the desired behavior
What is shaping?
500
A stimulus that has no meaning to an organism
What is a neutral stimulus?
500
Phobias, Little Albert experiment
What are examples of classical conditioning of emotional respones?
500
Principle that states that behaviors that lead to positive consequences will be strengthened and behaviors that lead to negative consequences will be weakened.
What is the Law of Effect?
500
Punishment by application, punishment by removal
What are the two types of punishment?
500
Attention, motivation, retention in memory, reproduction of the behavior
What are the 4 requirements for Observational Learning to take place?