Characteristics of Life
Name three characteristics of life
Reproduction, Genetic Information, Growth and Development, Metabolism, Response to the Environment, Homeostasis
What type of cells are prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria
What types of cells are Eukaryotic cells?
Plant and animal cells
Which cell has both a cell wall and a cell membrane?
Plant Cell
Which organelle is considered to be the "brain" of a cell? (Sometimes considered to be like city hall)
The Nucleus
Name at least one of the three parts of cell theory
1. Cells come from other cells
2. Cells are the smallest unit of life
3. All living things are made of cells
True or false Prokaryotic cells are less complex than Eukaryotic cells.
True
True or false Eukaryotic cells are larger than Prokaryotic cells
True
Plant cells typically have a specialized organelle that uses sunlight to make glucose. What is the name of the organelle described above?
What is a Chloroplast
This organelle is responsible for letting materials in and out of the cell and is found in both plant and animal cells. (sometimes compared to city limits)
What is the cell membrane
Explain why a river is not considered alive even though it can move. Use some characteristics of life to justify your answer.
Water does not have genetic material, water can't reproduce, water is not made of cells, Water does not grow, and water does not maintain homeostasis
Name one way bacteria can be helpful to humans.
Food, Antibiotics, Help break down food and absorb nutrients
What organelle is responsible for housing DNA
Nucleus
Both plant and animal cells are able to use sugar as an energy source with the help of this organelle
Mitochondria
What organelle is responsible for storing water and food? (sometimes compared to a warehouse)
What are vacuoles
Think back to the yeast lab, explain why someone might consider yeast to be alive based on the characteristics of life
Yeast can metabolize sugar and produce CO2
True or false, although prokaryotes lack a nucleus, they still have brains
False, they do have genetic information though
Why do many people consider Eukaryotes to be more complex compared to Prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles which are like tiny organs with specific functions
One reason plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells don't is because...
the cell wall provides a ridged structure needed to stand strong, whereas animals need a more flexible membrane so they can move around more easily
What organelle is responsible for breaking down waste? (sometimes compared to a garbage truck)
What are Lysosomes
Some people would argue a virus is NOT alive. Give at least one piece of evidence that would support this claim.
Viruses can't replicate without a host, so therefore they don't meet all the characteristics needed to be considered alive
list at least 3 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus
Prokaryotes are simple
Prokaryotes are smaller
Prokaryotes are older
Prokaryotes are bacteria
Name a Eukaryotic cell we have looked at under a microscope this year
Red Onion Cell or Cheek Cell
this organelle is a central piece in a plant cell and is many times larger in a plant cell compared to an animal cell
what is the central vacuole
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down food and turning it into usable energy for the cell?
What is the Mitochondria