Chemistry of Life
The two elements found in all organic compounds.
What are carbon and hydrogen?
The definition of homeostasis.
What is a balanced state in an organism?
This type of organism makes their own food.
What is an autotroph? (producer, plant)
Another name for a nerve cell.
What is a neuron?
The basic unit of life that carry out all of an organisms life functions.
What is a cell?
The four macromolecules.
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
Name at least three life functions of all living organisms.
What is transport, nutrition, excretion, respiration, growth, synthesis, regulation, and metabolism?
This process uses carbon dioxide and water along with sunlight to make oxygen and glucose.
What is photosynthesis?
These are chemicals released by the endocrine system to signal to other cells in the body.
What are hormones?
What is plants have cell walls and chloroplasts but animals do not? (Animals have centrioles, plants have one large central vacuole)
The main function of carbohydrates.
What is supply energy?
Movement of molecules from a high to low concentration.
What is diffusion? (passive transport)
This is the usable energy made by all living things usually during cellular respiration.
What is ATP?
The ________________ of a protein determines its function.
What is shape?
The function of the cell membrane.
The building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
This type of transport requires the cell to use energy.
What is active transport? (Low to high concentration)
What is 1. chloroplast and 2. mitochondria?
Proteins on the surface of the cell membrane that receive signals from the nervous and endocrine system used for cellular communication.
What are receptor molecules (receptor proteins)?
Definition of selective permeability.
What is only some molecules can pass through a cell membrane (small, no charge)
The function of enzymes.
The special name for the diffusion of water.
What is osmosis?
Holes in the leaves of plants where gases are exchanged for photosynthesis.
What are stomates (protected by guard cells)?
Chemicals that help carry electrical impulses from one neuron to the next.
What are neurotransmitters?
Location of 1. transcription and 2. translation in a eukaryotic cell.
What is 1. nucleus and 2. ribosome?