Causes of WWI
This acronym stands for the four long-term causes of WWI.
M.A.I.N.
Soldiers who fought in trenches developed this condition as a result of the wet and muddy ground.
Trench foot
The German U-Boat was a type of underwater ship, known as a:
Submarine
The Canadian government introduced this in 1917 to raise money for the war effort.
Victory bonds
This was the first major battle where Canadians faced poison gas.
The Second Battle of Ypres
The “M” in MAIN refers to this arms buildup and belief that a strong military was necessary for national success.
Militarism
This term describes the area between opposing trenches, filled with barbed wire, dead bodies, and shell holes.
No Man's Land
These armored vehicles were first used in 1916 to cross trenches and barbed wire.
Tanks
Posters that encouraged enlistment and patriotism were examples of this.
Propaganda
The Treaty of Versailles placed full blame for the war on this country and imposed harsh reparations.
Germany
The assassination of this person in Bosnia on June 28, 1914, triggered the July Crisis.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
These two poisonous gases were used in chemical warfare and caused many side effects, including skin and eye damage, and suffocation.
Chlorine gas and mustard gas
This invention allowed Allies to scope out German positions and plan Strategies against the German defenses
Airplanes
The 1917 Military Service Act introduced this controversial policy.
Conscription
This 1917 victory is seen as a defining moment for Canadian national identity. A Canadian monument was constructed at the site
The Battle of Vimy Ridge
This major alliance formed in response to the Triple Alliance and included Britain, France, and Russia. It helped divide Europe into two rival power blocs before the war began.
Triple Entente
This deadly psychological condition, caused by constant bombardment and fear, left many soldiers unable to return to combat.
Shell shock (PTSD)
This type of large, long-range gun caused massive destruction and shell shock.
Artillery
This organization, created in 1917, helped coordinate Canada’s war effort on the home front.
The War Measures Act
This muddy 1917 battle saw thousands of Canadians die for a few meters of ground.
The Battle of Passchendaele
The feeling of being drawn to fight for one's homeland.
Nationalism
This unofficial 1914 event saw soldiers from opposing British and German sides briefly emerge from their trenches to exchange gifts, sing carols, and play soccer in No Man’s Land.
The Christmas Truce
This theory stressed the national elements of sea power as the precursor to national greatness.
The Mahan Thesis
These two Canadian women were at the forefront of the movement for women's voting rights in Canada, leading to a federal vote for women in 1917 under the Wartime Elections Act
Nellie McClung and Emily Murphy
This 1916 battle became infamous for its high casualties and minimal land gained.
The Battle of the Somme