Key Terms/Important People
What is the 'Iron Curtain'
It was an imaginary wall between the USSR owned communist countries and the capitalist Western countries
What were the MAIN causes of WW1?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
What is Propaganda
A way to brainwash or heavily persuade someone into doing something/believing an idea.
It was used in WW2 to convince the German population that Jewish people were an inferior race and should be eradicated.
What is NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- prevent further expansion of the USSR
What is a Speakeasy?
During Prohibition in the 1920s a speakeasy was an underground illegal bar that would serve liquor.
What is one of the lasting effects of Canada on the Homefront during WW1
- Income Tax
- Women voting (Conscription Crisis of 1917)
- Women working jobs
Name some of the ways the 20s were roaring
- Culture (flappers, jazz music, radio, silent movies)
- Consumer products
- Automobiles and the Assembly lines
Name 3 Major Battles Discussed in class
Examples:
Dieppe, Battle of the Atlantic, Pearl Harbour, Midway, Normandy invasion, Italian Campaign, Dunkirk, Liberation of the Netherlands, Okinawa, Stalingrad, Battle of Berlin etc.
Why was Pierre Trudeau a popular Prime Minister
“Trudeaumania"/Young, athletic, and wealthy bachelr/Brilliant scholar and lawyer/Charismatic
Achievements: Promoted a “just society” /Made young Canadians interested in politics /Improved benefits for the poor and elderly /Fought American investment /Bilingualism /Patriated the constitution
Official Languages Act • Gives English and French equal status in the government of Canada • Made French the secondary language of Canada
What is appeasement?
In WW2 when Hitler started invading other countries, the Major powers in the League of Nations 'Appeased' his demands in order to try and avoid another major conflict
Describe what was the Schlieffen Plan and why did it fail?
- Plan was for Germany to walk through Belgium to conquer France. They would then move all of their troops to the Russian border
- Failed because Belgium put up a resistance and they lost the element of surprise in France. This also brought GB into the war.
- Even if the 1st part of the plan had worked, Russia had already begun mobilizing their troops and was ready to attack the German border earlier than anticipated.
What are Residential Schools and when did the last one close?
They were a tool to eradicate Indigenous communities in Canada. Their goal was to 'Kill the Indian in the child' and assimilate them into Western Canadian Society.
Last one closed in 1996
Describe the Term Blitzkrieg
What were the Quebec Referendums
There were referendums in Quebec because many wanted to separate from Canada. In 1980, the results were 60% for the no-side, and 40% for yes. In 1995, the results were 50.6% no, and 49.4% yes.
What is the Bennett Buggy
The Bennett Buggy is a nickname for a car pulled by a horse. In the Great Depression people did not have enough money to maintain their cars and so they reverted back to 'horse drawn carriages' but using the car they purchased in the 20s
Describe the conditions in the Trenches
- Trenches were muddy and wet with the damp weather of France.
- Lots of lice and rats. Disease spread easily.
- Lots of boredom waiting for an attack. Then a lot of action when an attack comes.
- Winding trenches separated by no mans land.
Name some of the Causes of the Great Depression
Over production and expansion
Canada's dependence on a few staple resources
Canada's dependence on the United States
High tariffs
Too much buying on credit
Too much credit buying on stock
Companies produced more products and expanded more than they were selling
What was the S.S St Louis and why was it significant?
- Ship filled with Jewish refugees from Europe
- Significant because immigration officer replied 'None is Too Many' when asked how many refugees Canada would accept. This demonstrated the Anti-semitism was throughout the world and not just in Germany.
What are the The Constitution and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and why are they significant
The Constitution and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms are legal documents that unite Canada as one nation and state important laws concerning the rights and freedoms of a Canadian citizen. Quebec refused to sign in 1982 simply because they did not want to be part of Canada and wanted to separate through a referendum. To this day, they have not signed the Constitution.
What is Kristallnacht?
Night of the Broken Glass. This was the first major violent destruction of Jewish property in WW2. Jewish businesses were destroyed and windows shattered with bricks.
Name the 4 major Canadian Battles
Battle of Ypres (Chlorine Gas attacks. French troops scatter and Canadians hold the line using pee soaked rags)
Battle of the Somme (Canadians were not prepared for new machine gun technology. Mass casualties)
Battle of Vimy Ridge (many tried to take it but Failed. Arther Currie planned for months and gave everyone a map for a great success)
Battle of Passchendaele (perfected the 'sweeping barrage' technique which allowed Canadians to win).
What was the On to Ottawa Trek
Men sat on the top of Box Car Trains heading to Ottawa to protest the government's inaction
What act allowed the Canadian Government to send Japanese Canadians to Internment camps?
The War Measures Act
Describe the History of French/English Tensions. When did it come to a 'breaking' point
- English win 7 years war and gains Canada as a colony (1700s)
- Anglophones become the dominant population
- French colonists are forced to fight in British war of 1812 against the US
- in WW1, the Conscription Crisis of 1917 is that Anglophone government rigs the vote in favour of Conscription. French recruits discriminated against in army
- Quebec gets little relief in Great Depression
- WW2 Mackenzie King introduces conscription again despite promise not to
- Breaking Point is FLQ kidnaps Pierre Laporte and murders him