this type of lipid contains a single ester and is hydrolyzable
What is a wax
100
these amino acids are not synthesized in the body and must be obtained from the diet
What are essential amino acids
100
when 2 or more protein chains combine to form an active protein, the structural level is this
What is quaternary
100
this type of bond holds the 2 strands of the double helix of DNA together
hydrogen bonds (C and G have 3 H bonds; A and T have 2 H bonds)
100
a protein is synthesized from mRNA
What is translation
200
this type of lipid contains 3 ester groups and is hydrolyzable
What is a triacylglycerol
200
this amino acid is the simplest of all the amino acids (R group = H) and is the only one that is achiral
What is glycine
200
this type of protein is coiled into compact shapes with hydrophilic (water loving) outer surfaces and hydrophobic (water fearing) inner surfaces that make them water soluble
What is globular proteins
200
this type of Nitrogen base has 2 rings. Adenine(A) and Guanine(G) are in this family
What is Purines
200
mRNA is synthesized from DNA
What is transcription
300
this type of lipid contains 2 ester groups and a phosphate group in place of the 3rd ester group. it is hydrolyzable.
What is a phosphoacylglycerol
300
in this amino acid form, the carboxylic end is negatively charged, the amino end is positively charged and the overall charge is neutral
What is zwitterion
300
which of the following is not a major function of proteins?
a. transport of necessary chemicals
b. protection against foreign substances
c. support for organs or tissues
d. control of biochemical reactions
e. storage of energy
What is e. storage of energy
300
Polynucleotides are named beginning at which end - the 5' end or the 3' end?
What is 5' end
300
where the codon for an amino acid is found
What is mRNA
400
this type of lipid has 3 6 carbon rings and 1 5 carbon ring. cholesterol and lipid hormones are members of this lipid family.
What is steriods
400
this is the charge on a amino acid at a pH below its pI (isoelectric point)
What is positive
400
what is this type of bond called, between a carbonyl carbon (C=O) and a Nitrogen:
O
ll
- C - NH-
What is an amide (peptide) bond that links amino acids together to form proteins
400
what structural component is a nucleoside missing compared to a nucleotide?
What is A phosphate.
Nucleosides contain 2 things: a sugar and a nitrogen base
A nucleotide contains 3 things: a sugar, a nitrogen base and a phosphate.
400
this type of virus contains RNA as its genetic material
What is retrovirus
500
Which has a higher melting point, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? Why?
What is unsaturated fatty acids because they contain more C=C double bonds. As the number of double bonds increases, the melting point decreases.
500
these amino acids have the amino group on the left and are naturally occurring
What is L amino acids
500
the cause of the difference between normal and sickle cell hemoglobin is at which level of protein structure?
What is primary - it is the substitution of one amino acid for another - valine replaces glutamic acid
500
what 3 things are different about RNA compared to DNA
What is
1. the sugar is ribose in RNA, deoxyribose in DNA
2. RNA has uracil in place of thymine
3. DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded
500
which polypeptide would be made from the following DNA sequence:
GTA TTT TGC
What is mRNA would be:
CAU AAA ACG
amino acid sequence would be:
His-Lys-Thr
Histidine - Lysine - Threonine