Aldol? I Barely Know Her!
This species forms when hydroxide removes an α-hydrogen from butanal.
What is an enolate ion?
Michael addition is best described as this type of addition.
What is conjugate (1,4-) addition?
This oxidation inserts an oxygen between a carbonyl carbon and an R group.
What is Baeyer–Villiger oxidation?
Swern oxidation converts alcohols into these functional groups.
What are aldehydes or ketones?
Alkynes have this type of hybridization.
What is sp hybridization?
In aldol addition, this functional group is attacked by the enolate nucleophile.
What is the carbonyl group?
The nucleophile in a typical Michael addition is derived from this species.
What is an enolate (often from a β-dicarbonyl compound)?
The reagent used in Baeyer–Villiger oxidation is typically this.
What is a peroxy acid?
Enamines are formed from ketones and this class of compounds.
What are secondary amines?
This base is commonly used to generate acetylide ions.
What is NaNH₂?
The intermediate formed after nucleophilic attack before protonation is this type of ion.
What is an alkoxide ion?
The electrophile in Michael addition is this type of compound.
What is an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl?
In Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, this group migrates preferentially.
What is the larger (more substituted) R group?
This base is added in the final step to drive elimination.
What is triethylamine?
Acetylide ions act as this in reactions.
What is a nucleophile?
The final product of aldol addition between two butanal molecules contains this functional group combination.
What is a β-hydroxy aldehyde?
The nucleophile attacks this carbon in the α,β-unsaturated system.
What is the β-carbon?
The product formed from ketones after Baeyer–Villiger oxidation is this functional group.
What is an ester?
Why does deprotonation occur at the α-carbon in enamine formation?
What is to form a conjugated C=C–N system (stabilized enamine)?
Hydrogenation of alkynes with Lindlar catalyst gives this product.
What is a cis-alkene?
Why is the enolate considered unstable in aqueous conditions during aldol reactions?
What is it is rapidly protonated due to water acting as a proton donor?
Why are enolates used in Michael additions instead of strong bases?
What is they are weak bases that favor conjugate addition over direct carbonyl attack?
Why is Baeyer–Villiger considered regiospecific?
What is oxygen inserts selectively next to the more substituted group due to migration aptitude?
What drives the final step of Swern oxidation to form the carbonyl?
What is intramolecular proton abstraction leading to elimination and formation of dimethyl sulfide?
Why are terminal alkynes acidic compared to alkanes?
What is sp hybridization stabilizes the conjugate base (acetylide ion)?