Preparing for the Citric Acid Cycle
This three enzyme complex converts the product of glycolysis into acetyl-CoA for the Citric Acid Cycle
What is pyruvate dehydrogenase?
These two molecules combine in the first reaction of the citric acid cycle.
What are oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA?
This complex is shaped like Florida.
What is Complex I?
These are the F1 subunits that create the ADP + Pi binding sites to produce ATP.
What are alpha and beta?
This type of inhibition occurs when a product of a pathway inhibits an earlier step of the pathway.
What is feedback?
This type of chemical reaction results in carbon dioxide being released as a byproduct.
What is three?
This electron carrier only carries one electron at a time.
What is cytochrome c?
This is the F0 subunit that "spins."
What is the c-subunit.
This is most common inhibitor of ATP-producing processes.
What is ATP?
This co-factor has a disulfide linkage that can be reduced, allowed it to carry both electrons and acetate groups.
What is lipoate/lipoic acid/lipoyllysine?
This is the total number of ATP equivalents produced by the Citric Acid Cycle (including electron carriers).
What is ten?
Of the four complexes we learned about, which one does not pump protons across the inner membrane?
What is Complex II?
These are the two components of the chemiosmotic theory.
What are chemical and electrical potentials?
When we divide the citric acid cycle up into "quadrants," both reactions in this quadrant are regulatory targets.
What is Quadrant 2?
This is the final electron acceptor for the reaction catalyzed by E3 in the complex that converts pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA.
What is NAD+/NADH?
These two citric acid cycle intermediates are often interconverted to move other metabolites across the mitochondrial membranes.
What are malate and oxaloacetate?
Fill in the blanks with "higher" or "lower" in the correct order:
Electrons spontaneously pass from the molecule with the [blank] reduction potential to the one with the [blank] reduction potential.
This is the total number of protons required to induce a conformational change in the F1 subunit.
What is three?
Citric acid cycle reactions are most commonly upregulated by this molecule.
What is ADP?
(Will also accept "What is AMP?")
This citric acid cycle enzyme uses a mechanism almost identical to the mechanism used to prepare pyruvate for the citric acid cycle.
What is alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?
These two citric acid cycle intermediates can be turned into amino acids with the addition of one amine group over a carbonyl.
What are oxaloacetate and alpha-ketoglutarate?
This is the total number of protons pumped through the inner mitochondrial membrane per one pair of electrons that enter the chain on NADH.
What is ten?
This is the name of the inhibitor that prevents ATP synthase from spinning backwards and destroying ATP.
What is IF1?
This molecule that is part of the citric acid cycle can inhibit certain steps of glycolysis.
What is citrate?