Acid or Base?
This substance produces H+ ions in water according to Arrhenius.
What is an acid?
The pH of pure water at 25°C.
What is 7?
Acid-base reactions commonly produce water and this second product.
What is a salt?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed according to this law.
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
This law explains why no engine is 100% efficient.
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Gas particles are in constant random motion according to this theory.
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
A substance with a pH greater than 7 is classified as this.
What is a base?
If [H+] = 1 × 10⁻³ M, the pH is this.
What is 3?
The products of HCl + NaOH.
What are NaCl and H2O?
A reaction that releases heat is called this.
What is exothermic?
The movement of particles nearly stops at this temperature.
What is absolute zero?
Boyle’s Law describes the relationship between pressure and this variable.
What is volume?
This acid-base model defines acids as proton donors.
What is the Brønsted-Lowry model?
A solution with pH 2 is this many times more acidic than a solution with pH 5.
What is 1,000 times?
This everyday medicine neutralizes excess stomach acid.
What is an antacid?
The equation q = mcΔT is used to calculate this quantity.
What is heat transfer?
Sweating cools the body because evaporation is this type of process.
What is endothermic?
As temperature increases, gas particles move with greater this.
What is kinetic energy?
HCl is classified as this type of acid because it completely ionizes in water.
What is a strong acid?
This equation is used to calculate pH from hydrogen ion concentration.
What is pH = −log[H+]?
In neutralization reactions, H+ combines with this ion to form water.
What is OH−?
The flow of thermal energy between substances is called this.
What is heat?
The Zeroth Law explains how this common tool works.
What is a thermometer?
The gas law represented by P1V1 = P2V2.
What is Boyle’s Law?
NH3 is considered this type of base because it does not fully ionize in water.
What is a weak base?
If the pH decreases by 1, the hydrogen ion concentration changes by this factor.
What is 10?
The type of reaction represented by acid + base → salt + water.
What is a neutralization reaction?
A process that absorbs heat from the surroundings is called this.
What is endothermic?
The disorder or randomness of a system is called this.
What is entropy?
This law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture equals the sum of partial pressures.
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure?