Matter
Atomic Theory
Percent Composition
Electron Configurations
Ions
100

What are the 3 main states of matter? What are the main distinctions between them from the perspective of chemistry.

Solid: Atoms are very tight together, generally have a harder time changing shape

Liquid: Atoms are less close together, move more easily

Gas:  Atoms are very far away from eachother, fill up the entire space they occupy

100

Where are protons, neutrons, and electrons located?

Protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus, whereas electrons orbit outside of the nucleus.

100

Give the percent composition of Hydrogen and Chlorine in HCl

H: 3%

Cl: 97%

100

Give the electron configuration of lithium

1s22s2

100

What are ions?

Elements with the same number of protons but different numbers of electrons.
200

Grinding sugar into powder is an example of a (chemical/physical) change

Physical

200

What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Protons have a charge of +1, electrons have a charge of -1, and neutrons are neutral.

200

Find the percent composition of CuBr2

Cu: 28.45%

Br: 71.55%

200

Give the electron configuration of carbon

1s22s22p2

200

Positive ions are called ___ions while negative ions are called __ions

Cations, anions

300

Explain homogenous vs. heterogenous mixtures. Give examples for each. 

Homogenous mixture: uniform throughout. 

Heterogenous mixture: not uniform.

300

How much do protons, neutrons, and electrons weigh?

Protons and neutrons both weigh one AMU, whereas electrons weigh almost nothing.

300

Find the percent compositions of sodium, oxygen, and hydrogen in this compound: NaOH

Na: 57.48%

O: 39.99%

H: 2.53%

300

Give the condensed electron configuration of calcium

[Ar] 4s2

300

Positive ions have (more/less) electrons than neutral atoms, while negative ions have (more/less) electrons than neutral atoms. 

Less, more

400

Cooking chicken in the oven is an example of a (physical/chemical) change

chemical
400

An atom contains 3 protons, 3 neutrons, and 3 electrons. What is its atomic number?

3

400

Give the percent composition of the elements in Mg(NO3)2

Mg: 16%

N: 19%

O: 65%

400

Give the condensed electron configuration of iodine

[Kr] 5s24d105p5

400

Group 15 elements have a charge of __

-3

500

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture. Give an example of each. 

Compounds are pure and can only be separated by physical means. Mixtures are impure and can only be separated by chemical means. 

500

An atom contains 3 protons, 3 neutrons, and 3 electrons. What is its mass number?

6

500

Give the percent composition of elements in Al2(SO4)3.

Al: 16%

S: 28%

O: 56%

500

Give the condensed electron configuration of a Ca+ cation. 

[Ar] 4s1

500

Define isoelectronic and give an example of 2 elements or ions that are isoelectronic.

Atoms or ions that have the same electron configuration.