Chemical Bonding
This type of chemical bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal, resulting in the transfer of electrons.
Ionic Bonding
Lewis structures represent valence electrons as these small marks around element symbols.
Dots
This term describes the energy required to separate one mole of an ionic compound into its gaseous ions.
lattice energy
The bond energy of a triple bond is (greater than/less than) that of a single bond.
greater than
This term describes an atom’s ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
electronegativity
In a metallic bond, electrons are not bound to individual atoms but instead exist in this kind of shared structure.
Electron Sea
This rule states that atoms in a molecule tend to share or transfer electrons to achieve eight valence electrons.
octet rule
The lattice energy of an ionic compound is affected by two factors: ionic charge and this property of the ions
ionic radius
Of the following bonds, this one is the longest: C-C, C=C, or C≡C.
C-C
Of the elements Na, Cl, and O, this one has the highest electronegativity.
oxygen (O)
This law, which describes the attraction between charged particles, helps explain why ionic bonds form.
Coulomb’s Law
The Lewis structure of this common diatomic halogen molecule consists of a single bond and six lone pairs of electrons
Cl₂ (chlorine gas)
According to Coulomb’s Law, as the distance between ions increases, lattice energy does this.
decrease
The enthalpy change of a reaction can be estimated using this equation:
ΔH=∑(Bonds broken)−∑(Bonds formed)
bond energy calculation
A bond between two atoms with a large electronegativity difference is classified as this type
ionic bond
This element, though in Group 18, does not follow the octet rule and is stable with only two valence electrons
helium (He)
This noble gas is an exception to the octet rule because it only has two valence electrons
helium (He)
Of NaF and CaO, this compound has the higher lattice energy and stronger ionic bonds
CaO
Among CO₂, CO, and CH₃OH, this molecule has the shortest C-O bond.
CO
The molecule H₂ has this type of bond due to identical electronegativity values.
nonpolar covalent bond
Unlike ionic or metallic bonds, this type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals
covalent bond
In the formation of an ionic bond, calcium loses two electrons while oxygen gains two electrons to form this compound
calcium oxide (CaO)
This cycle, based on Hess’s Law, helps determine lattice energy by breaking down the formation of an ionic solid into steps
Born-Haber cycle
The bond energy of a C-H bond in ethane is (greater than/less than) that in ethyne.
less than
Arrange the following in order of increasing bond polarity: H-Br, H-F, Na-Cl, F-F.
F-F < H-Br < H-F < Na-Cl