Chapter 1
How many Sig Figs are in the Following Value?
9.30 x 10-3
3
The Oxygen (O2) in the air we breathe is composed of more than one atom of the same type. An example of this kind of compound.
Monoatomic
Often found in household cleaners, this chemical is the product of a synthesis reaction between Hydrogen and Nitrogen :
3H2 + N2
Ammonia, NH3
Thermochemistry is the study of the relationship between chemistry and this
Heat/Energy
These are the 3 quantum numbers (n, l, ml) for the 4s orbital
4, 0, 0
Boiling Water is an Example of This Type of Change
Physical
The name of this compound: KClO4
Potassium Perchlorate
The reactants for this double-displacement chemical reaction are: KBr + AgNO3
KNO3 + AgBr
In a Hess' Law problem, in order to reverse a chemical rxn, you must also do this to the sign on the enthalpy.
Change it/Make it negative
This noble gas is included in oxygens abbreviated electron configuration
He
Bronze, made by melting copper and tin together, is this type of mixture
Homogeneous
A strong acid composed of hydrogen and the second element in the Halogen family.
HBr (Hydrobromic acid).
The Coefficients for the balanced combustion rxn of propane
C3H8 + O2 --> CO2+ H2O
1,5,3,4
At Constant pressure, water evaporating from a liquid to a solid has an enthalpy value of 44.0 kJ, making it this kind of reaction that absorbs heat.
Heat + H20 (l) -> H2O (g)
endothermic
The full electron configuration for Sulfur
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2,3p4
Often regarded as a precious metal, Ag is the chemical symbol of this element.
Silver
Monoatomic ions formed by alkali metals tend to have this charge.
+1 (ex: K+1)
If 5 CH4 molecules and 8 O2 molecules are reacted, this is our excess reactant according to the balanced chemical equation:
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) -> CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g)
CO2
A system releases 622 kJ of heat and does 105 kJ of work on the surroundings. This value represents the internal change in energy of the system.
-727kJ
change U = q + w
=(-622kJ)+(-105kj)
Most transition metals follow the same trend for electron configuration, except for these two exceptions who give up a 4s electron to half fill its 3d orbital, thus resulting in greater stability
Cr and Mo
An example of a compound with this many atoms would be CuNO2
4
The Name of this compund: FePO4
Iron (III) Phosphate (or, ferric phosphate if you're fancy)
This compound is our limiting reactant when 91.38g of P4 and 262.6g of Cl2 are reacted in the following reaction:
P4(s) + 6Cl2(aq) -> 4PCl3 (l)
Cl2
A 250 g Bolt requires 5.8 kJ to raise the temperature from 22 degrees C to 100 degrees C. This is the specific heat capacity of the bolt.
0.30 kJ / gC
Chlorines negative ion (Cl-), has 8 valence electrons, making it isoelectronic with this noble gas.
Argon