Facts
What charge do atoms have in their elemental state?
neutral- no charge
Ionic bonds are a ___________ of electrons.
transfer
Covalent Bonds are a _________ of electrons
share
Oppositely charged ions attract each other forming a(n) _____________ bond.
ionic
What nonmetal wants 2 electrons?
Hydrogen
What type of elements gain electrons and what type lose electrons?
nonmetals, metals
What elements form an ionic bond?
metals and nonmetals
What elements form a covalent bond?
nonmetal and nonmetals
HF (ionic or covalent?)
covalent
How many electrons does Boron want?
6
What type of bond shares electrons unequally throughout atoms?
polar covalent bonds
According to the octet rule, a calcium (Ca) atom has the tendency to give or take electrons? and how many?
give two electrons
Draw NH3
8 dots N in center with three H's two dots on each side of N
AlF3 (ionic or covalent?)
ionic
Draw BH3
b in center with six electrons around it. With h having two each.
What would the charge be of a sodium ion?
+1
Draw SrO
Sr and O with regular dots --> Sr+2[O]-2
Draw N2
N triple bonded to another N
Rb has an electronegativity of 0.8 and Cl has an electronegativity of 3.0. What are two ways you can validate that it is ionic?
3.0-0.8=2.2 ionic
metal and nonmetal
Draw ICl5
extended octet with ten electrons around I. six more added to each Cl
What is the name for a charged element? positive vs negative
ions
cations(+) anions(-)
Draw Ca3P2
3Ca and 2P with regular dots --> 3Ca+22[P]-3
Draw SO3
S in center with three o's single bonds except for one double bond
What are the three cutoffs for bonding types?
Ionic 1.71 and up
Polar 0.41-1.7
Nonpolar 0-0.40
Draw XeF4
Xe is in the middle with four fluorines around. 36 total electrons so four extra are added to the center. Xe can have an extended octet