Dotting the i's and Crossing the Bonds
Dipole Delights and VSEPR Ventures
Bonding Bonanza: the Hybridization Hustle
Radical Realms
Orbital Oddities
100
We always try to satisfy this rule when drawing Lewis dot structures.
What is the octet rule?
100
This determines the function of all molecules in a biological system.
What is molecular shape?
100
This type of covalent bond, formed by overlap of atomic orbitals head-to-head, is found once in single bonds, once in double bonds, and once in triple bonds.
What is a sigma bond?
100
This is what occurs between structures with the same arrangement of atoms, but different connections.
What is resonance?
100
This is the theory that molecules have orbitals in the same way that atoms have orbitals.
What is molecular orbital theory?
200
This is what determines the best Lewis structures when deciding between multiple.
What are formal charges?
{# valence electrons in free atom} - {# unshared electrons} - 1/2{# shared electrons}
{# valence electrons} - {# of balls + # of sticks}
200
In the following diagram, this is the point on the graph that represents the distance between the atom ideal to form a bond.
What is the very bottom?
200
Pi bonds, formed by side-to-side overlap of this type of orbital, occur once in double bonds and twice in triple bonds.
What are p-orbitals?
200
This type of orbital draws the two nuclei of an atom closer together and tends to be lower in energy.
What are bonding orbitals?
200
This is the equation that can be used to find out the MO bond order.
What is 1/2[bonding electrons - antibonding electrons]
300
Draw the Lewis dot structure for XeF4. The molecule is this level of polar.
What is non-polar due to symmetry?
300
Dipoles can be canceled out to create a nonpolar structure through this.
What is symmetry?
300
This type of orbital is a combination of atomic orbitals of the same atom.
What are hybrid orbitals?
300
This type of reaction absorbs heat from its surroundings and will therefore consider heat to be a reactant in the chemical reaction.
What are endothermic reactions?
300
This is the bonding/antibonding electron configuration for B2.
Note: there should be a 2 next to the parentheses for the antibonding 2s orbital
400
This is the molecular geometry for CH2O.
What is trigonal planar?
400
An orbital in which electron charge is concentrated towards the outer edges (far side of the nuclei), therefore drawing the nuclei apart.
What is an anti-bonding orbital?
400
For a bond to form between two atomic orbitals, there must be an overlap and each atomic orbital must contain this.
What is an unpaired electron?
400
This is what we call a species with one or more unpaired electron(s) that is highly reactive.
What is a free radical?
400
These have the same atom connectivity but differ in spatial arrangement. These also include geomtric and spatial.
What are stereoisomers?
500
Draw the Lewis dot structure for NO2-. What is the molecular geometry?
What is bent?
500
This is the VSEPR shape that corresponds to an atomic arrangement of AX4E2.
What is square planar?
500
This type of bonding orbital will contain no nodes (zero probability of electrons being found there).
What are bonding orbitals?
500
This is a compound that has an even number of electrons but does not have enough electrons to form an octet around each atom.
What is an electron-deficient compound?
500
If there is only one chiral carbon in a molecule, its mirror image will be a different compound. This is known as a type of isomer your nose can detect.
What is an enantiomer?