Solution Properties
This term refers to the substance that dissolves in a solution.
What is a solute?
Moles of solute per liter of solution
What is molarity?
The property responsible for antifreeze preventing water from freezing at 0°C.
What is freezing point depression?
The study of reaction rates and molecular events during reactions.
What is chemical kinetics?
A reaction with rate law Rate = k[A] is this order with respect to A.
What is first order?
his type of mixture appears homogeneous but contains larger dispersed particles.
What is a colloid?
Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
What is molality?
This colligative property describes the increase in boiling point when a solute is added.
What is boiling point elevation?
A substance that increases reaction rate without being consumed.
What is a catalyst?
The rate constant of a reaction increases with temperature due to this equation.
What is the Arrhenius equation?
Brass and bronze are examples of this type of solid solution.
What is an alloy?
A unit of concentration often used for very dilute solutions, expressed as parts per million.
What is ppm?
he mathematical law governing vapor pressure lowering in a solution
What is Raoult’s Law?
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
What is activation energy?
In a first-order reaction, a plot of this versus time yields a straight line.
What is ln[A]?
This term describes two liquids that do not mix in any proportion.
What is immiscible?
The fraction of total moles in a solution attributed to a single component.
What is mole fraction?
If a solution of ethylene glycol and water has a vapor pressure of 40.6 mmHg at 35°C, and pure water has a pressure of 42.2 mmHg, this is the vapor pressure lowering.
What is 1.6 mmHg?
According to this theory, reactant molecules must collide with proper orientation and energy to react.
What is collision theory?
A second-order reaction has a straight-line plot when graphing this versus time.
What is 1/[A]?
he process in which solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane to equalize solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
Given a 12.0 g NaOH sample in 750.0 mL solution, this is its molarity.
What is 0.4 M?
The colligative property that describes the increase in pressure needed to prevent solvent flow across a membrane.
What is osmotic pressure?
For a reaction with rate law Rate = k[A][B]², the overall reaction order is this.
What is third order?
The rate constant of a reaction is 7.5 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ at 110°C. This is the time required for the concentration of A to decrease from 1.25 M to 0.71 M.
What is approximately 75 seconds?