History of Chemistry
People thought you could turn iron and lead into what?
Gold
The central part of an atom that contains the majority of the mass of an atom is called the ______________.
Nucleus
What is the main ingredient in the air we breathe?
Nitrogen
This is anything that takes us space (has a mass)
Matter
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
What was the name for the process of turning nonprecious metals into precious metals?
Alchemy
These particles have a positive charge and are found inside the nucleus.
Proton
Name one of the four most abundant elements in the human body.
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, and Nitrogen
The smallest pieces of matter are called ________
Atoms
How many elements in total occur naturally or have been synthesized?
118
Names for elements come from the English or ________ name.
Latin
If an atom was enlarged so the electrons were spinning around the stands of a football stadium, how big would the nucleus be?
Marble sized
What common chemicals shouldn't be mixed?
Bleach and Ammonia or Bleach and Vinegar (Acid and a base)
What are the four phases of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma
Which elements are named after states in the United States?
Californium and Tennessine
People first realized that an atom had a proton and an electron in which decade?
1910s
These particles make up most of the space of an atom but contribute very little to its mass.
Electron
Why is salt placed on the roads when it snows?
Salt lowers the freezing point of water preventing ice on the roads.
The process in which a solid changes to a gas is called _____________
Sublimation
Which two elements are nicknamed the "twins"
Praseodymium and Neodymium
Name of Scientist who won the nobel prize for his work in synthesizing ammonia but was also instrumental in the discovery of chemical warfare.
Fritz Haber
This experiment led to the discovery of the nucleolus.
Earnest Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment
The human body contains enough carbon to provide graphite for approximately how many pencils?
9000 +- 1000
Matter stops vibrating at what temperature?
Absolute Zero (0 K)
What is the heaviest naturally occurring element?
Uranium