Atomic Structure/Per. Trends
The reason elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
What is same number of valence electrons?
The molecule that is polar: CO or Cl2
What is CO?
Two reactants are mixed in their exact stoichiometric ratios, this remains after the two are mixed
What is no reactant/product(s) only
This type of reaction releases heat to its surroundings
What is an exothermic reaction?
This is the term/quantity used to determine reaction rate
What is concentration?
The elements with the higher electronegativity: nitrogen or sulfur
What is Nitrogen?
The compound with the higher boiling point: NH3 or PH3
What is NH3?
A reaction uses 5 moles of reactant A and 3 moles of reactant B according to the equation below. The limiting reactant is this
2A+3B-> products
What is B?
This is calculated using mass, specific heat, and temperature chance in calorimetry
What is heat (q)?
The factor that increases collision frequency and energy in a reaction
What is temperature?
The larger atomic radius in the same period: aluminum or phosphorus
What is aluminum?
The polarity of SO2
What is polar molecule?
When 4 moles of H2 react with 3 moles of O2 to make H2O, this many moles of water are formed
What is 4 moles of H2O
This is the energy absorbed or released when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its elements
What is standard enthalpy of formation?
The substance that starts a reaction with lower activation energy
What is a catalyst?
The element with a higher first ionization energy: oxygen or selenium
What is oxygen?
The type of bond responsible for the unique water properties (high BP, surface tension)
What is hydrogen bonding?
This term is an equation measuring the efficiency of a reaction by comparing the actual produced in a reaction to the maximum possible amount
What is percent yield?
A student adds 10 grams of NaOH to water and notices the solution heats up. This is because..
What is the dissolution of NaOH is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction cannot occur without these two properties
What are collisions/contact with enough energy and proper orientation?
The property that generally increases across a period due to greater effective nuclear charge
What is ionization energy?
The strongest type of intermolecular force between CH3CH2OH
What is hydrogen bonding?
If 54 grams of Al react with 32 grams O2, to make Al2O3, this is the limiting reactant
What is Aluminum?
Two liquids of equal mass are heated with identical energy inputs. One’s temperature rises more than the other’s because
What is the other liquid has a lower specific heat capacity?
A reaction between A and B is slow at room temperature. Doubling the concentration of A will have this effect on the reaction
What is little to no effect?