Stoichiometry
The reactant that runs out first in a chemical reaction.
Limiting reactant
The substance that dissolves in a solution.
Solute
A reaction where a solid forms from two aqueous solutions.
Precipitation reaction
Loss of electrons.
oxidation
substances on the left side of a chemical equation
reactants
If a reaction should produce 25 g of product but only produces 19.5 g, this percentage describes the efficiency of the reaction.
Percent yield
The substance present in the largest amount in a solution.
solvent
A reaction where oxygen reacts with a compound to produce CO₂ and H₂O.
Combustion reaction
gain of electrons
reduction
substances on the right side of a chemical equation
products
This type of calculation converts grams of one substance to grams of another using a balanced equation.
Mass-to-mass stoichiometry
The unit defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.
molarity
An acid reacting with a base produces these two things.
Salt and water
The substance that causes another substance to lose electrons
oxidizing agent
A chemical equation is balanced when this is true
same number of atoms of each element on both sides
In the reaction
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
If nitrogen runs out first, nitrogen is this.
Limiting reactant
The equation used for dilution problems.
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
A reaction that produces a gas such as CO₂.
Gas-evolution reaction
A chart used to predict whether one metal will replace another in a reaction
Activity series of metals
ions that appear unchanged on both sides of an ionic equation
spectator ions
The amount of product predicted by calculations using the balanced equation.
Theoretical yield
If you dissolve NaCl in water and it separates into ions, it is this type of substance.
Strong electrolyte
The reaction between HCl and NaOH is an example of this type of reaction.
Neutralization reaction
a reaction involving transfer of electrons
redox reaction
the point in a titration where the moles of acid equal the moles of base
equivalence point