a
the force that holds two atoms together
Chemical bond
A positively charged ion.
Cation
- A negatively charged ion.
Anion
The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound.
Ionic Bond
the attraction of an metallic cation for delocalized electrons.
Metallic bond
Compounds that contain ionic bonds.
Ionic Compounds
represents the simplest ratio of the ions involved
Formula Unit
- ions made up of more than one atom.
Polyatomic Ion
- a polyatomic ion composed of an element (usually a non-metal), bonded to one or more oxygen atoms.
Oxyanion
a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
Alloy
An ion in aqueous solution that conducts electricity
Electrolyte
one-atom ions.
Monatomic Ion
is the charge of a monatomic ion.
Oxidation Number
electrons that are free to move around metallic cations.
Delocalized Electrons
the chemical bond that results from sharing electrons
Covalent Bond
The energy required to separate 1 mol of ions in an ionic compound.
Lattice Energy
proposes that all metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons.
Electron Sea Model
a reaction where a greater amount of energy is required to break a bond in reactants than is released when the new bonds form in the products.
Endothermic Reaction
a reaction where more energy is released than is required to break the bonds in the initial reactants.
Exothermic Reaction
a condition that occurs when more than one valid Lewis structure can be written for a molecule or ion.
Resonance
The three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles, and is responsible for the structure of many minerals.
Crystal Lattice
(in a chemical equation) is the number written in front of a reactant or product, describing the lowest whole-number ratio of the amounts of all the reactants and products.
Coefficient
oxygen combines with a substance and releases energy in the form of heat and light.
Combustion Reaction
- the solid product produced during a chemical reaction in a solution.
Precipitate
The mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance. The molar mass of any element is numerically equivalent to its atomic mass and has the units g/mol.
Molar Mass