Chem Trends & Electrons Review

Defining Trends

100

the size of an atom, measure from the center of the nucleus to the outermost electrons

Atomic Radius

200

energy required to remove an electron, creating an ion

Ionization Energy

300

tendency of an atom to attract electrons

Electronegativity

400

What causes atomic radius to DECREASE from left to right in a period.

more protons = stronger nuclear charge

500

Why are the noble gases an exception to the electronegativity trend?

Noble gases have full outer shells.

Trend Examples

100

Which element on the periodic table has the largest atomic radius?

Francium

200

Which element on the periodic table has the largest ionization energy?

Helium

300

Which element on the periodic table has the highest electronegativity?

Fluorine

400

Order these from smallest to largest atomic radius:

H,  K,  Li,  Na

H <  Li < Na < K

500

Order these by electronegativity from least to greatest:

Cl,   P,   S,   Si

Si < P < S < Cl

Electron Config

100

How many electrons can the 2p orbital hold?

6 electrons

200

What element has this electron configuration:

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

Oxygen

300

What is the electron configuration for O^-2 oxygen ion. 

1s² 2s² 2p⁶

400

What is the complete electron configuration for Magnesium?

1s²  2s²  2p⁶  3s²

500

What is the noble gas shorthand configuration for Magnesium?

[Ne] 3s²

More Electrons

100

Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram from Aluminum

(Al with 3 dots)

200

Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram for Bromine.

(Br with 7 dots)

300

What is the name of "The Bus Rule" that states one electron must be in each orbital of a sublevel before they are paired.

Hund's Rule

400

Complete the orbital diagram for Lithium.

_____       ______

1s               2s

  ↑ ↓         ↑      

  1s          2s

500

Complete the orbital diagram for Carbon

____     ____      _____ ______ ______

1s          2s                       2p

 ↑ ↓         ↑ ↓           ↑         ↑      ______

1s          2s                     2p

Light & EMS

100

What color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

Violet / Purple

200

Of the following, __________ radiation has the longest wavelength.

gamma ray, radio, microwave, ultraviolet, X-ray

Radio

300

Describe the relationship between wavelength and frequency.

Inversely related (long wavelength = low frequency)

400

What is the wavelength(λ) of a wave with a frequency(v) of 3.76 x 10¹⁴ Hz?

λ = c / v

c = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s

7.89 x 10^-7 m

500

What is the energy (E) of a 7.66 x10¹⁴ Hz (v) wave?

E = hv

h = 6.626 x 10^-34

5.08 x 10^-19 J