scientific method
What is the difference between an observation and an inference?
An observation is objective and based on senses; an inference is subjective and based on perceptions.
What is a conversion factor for 1 week?
1 week = 7 days
52 weeks = 1 year
Express 801,000 in scientific notation
8.01 x 105
Define matter, mass, and volume.
Matter is anything with mass and volume; Mass is the amount of matter; Volume is the space it takes up.
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
Matter is never created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
Qualitative data is based on qualities, while quantitative data is based on quantities (numbers/measurements).
How many significant figures are in the number $7,102.0?
5 significant figures.
express 0.000000016 in scientific notation
1.6 x 10-8
What is the main difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
A pure substance has a fixed composition throughout; a mixture has a variable composition and retains individual properties.
What is the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property?
Extensive properties depend on the amount of substance (e.g., mass); intensive properties do not (e.g., magnetism).
In an experiment testing if drinking coffee increases productivity, what are the independent and dependent variables?
Independent Variable: Whether or not coffee is consumed; Dependent Variable: Productivity/amount of work completed.
How many significant figures are in 0.00990?
3 significant figures
Convert 9.6 x 10-3 to standard notation
0.0096
How does a compound differ from an element?
An element cannot be broken down simpler; a compound is two or more elements chemically combined.
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
A physical change does not change identity; a chemical change results in a chemical reaction and a new substance.
Explain the difference between accuracy and precision.
Accuracy measures how close a measurement is to the truth; precision measures how specific or consistent measurements are.
Convert 1,800mm to cm
180 cm
convert 275 degree F to K
408 K
Differentiate between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture.
Homogeneous mixtures have an even distribution of components; heterogeneous mixtures have an uneven distribution.
Name at least four signs that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Release of light, temperature change, color change, odor change, gas produced, or precipitate formed.
List the standard SI base units for length, mass, time, temperature, and amount of substance.
meters (m), Mass: kilograms (kg), Time: seconds (s), Temperature: Kelvin (K), Amount of substance: mole (mol).
Convert 21 days to seconds
1,814,400 seconds or 1.8 x 106
convert 9,602 grams to pounds
21.17 lbs
What is an aqueous solution, and what is an alloy?
An aqueous solution is a solute dissolved in water; an alloy is a solution of metals.
Explain why density is considered a physical, intensive property of matter.
Density can be measured without changing the substance's identity (physical) and it does not depend on the amount of the substance present (intensive).