Octet Rule
Why do atoms form bonds?
To make their farthest electron shell full to be isoelectronic with noble gases making it more stable.
What is Ionic Bonding and what atoms form this bond?
Transfers electrons from one atom to another. Usually between metals and nonmetals.
What is Covalent Bonding and what atoms form this bond?
A type of bonding where atoms share electrons with each other. Only nonmetals form this bond.
What is metallic bonding and what atoms form this bond?
Where only metals share electrons with each other.
What is electronegativity?
Electronegativity is the tendency for a atom to attract electrons.
What is the octet rule?
The rule that atoms prefer to have 8 electrons in the valence electron shell.
What are two examples of an ionic bond forming?
On paper
What are two examples of covalent bonds forming?
On paper
What are the properties of metals?
Metals have high melting points. They are good conductors of heat and electricity, they are malleable and ductile.
What trend does it follow across a period and down a group?
Electronegativity increases as you go across a period and decreases as you go down a group.
Octets in anions and cations
Atoms lose or gain electrons to satisfy the octet rule which makes them a cation if they lose a electron making them positively charged, it would make them an anion if they gained a electron making them negatively charged.
How are valence electrons related to Ionic Bonding?
Atoms give or take valence electrons to other atoms.
How are valence electrons related to Covalent Bonds?
Atoms share their valence electrons with each other.
Electronegativity and bond polarity?
The polarity of a bond is affected by the electronegativity of the two atoms involved. If the difference in electronegativity is increasing, then the polarity of the bond will increase.
What is the structure and properties of Ionic Compounds?
Ionic compounds are made up of repeating crystals. They are a solid at room temperature and have a high melting and boiling point.
Octet rule in molecules
In molecules atoms share electrons to satisfy the octet rule, which means to get 8 electrons in the valence shell.
How do you name a ionic compound and give two examples?
You name a ionic compound by stating the cation (metal) first, followed by the anion (nonmetal) and change the last part of the last element to -ide.
NaCl LiF
Sodium Chloride Lithium Fluoride
What are the types of covalent bonds and what are the properties of covalent compounds?
There are single, double, and triple bonds. These are weaker than ionic bonds and have much lower melting and boiling points. They can be a solid, liquid, or gas a room temperature.
How do you name a molecular compound and give two examples?
You write down the first element and add a prefix depending on how many atoms are in the compound unless there is only one, for the second element you add a prefix for how many atoms are in the compound and change the last part of the atom to -ide.
NO NO2
Nitrogen Monoxide Nitrogen Dioxide