Chemical Bonding

Chemical Bonding

100

What are the three Types of Chemical Bonds

Metallic, Covalent, and Ionic

200

What are anions and cations

anion- negative ion

cation- positive ion

300

What type of bond involves transferring electrons

Ionic Bond

400

Name three diatomic elements 

H, N, O, Cl, F, I, Br

500

When an ionic bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal, the cation is the __________ and the anion is the _____________.

metal; nonmetal

Chemical Bonding 2

100

If you have the formula CaCl₂ what does the "2" represent?

There are 2 chlorine ions

200

What is the octet rule?

An atom must have 8 valence electrons to be satisfied and stable

300

What type of bond involves sharing electrons?

Covalent bond

400

What are two ways atoms can fulfill the octet rule?

transfer by losing or gaining electrons, share electrons

500

When writing an ionic formula, do you write the positive or negative ion first

Positive

Chemical Bonding 3

100

Outer Electrons that are involved in bonding are called what

Valence electrons

200

Ionic bonds are made up of what type of elements

metals and nonmetals

300

Is the bond that forms the compound KCl ionic or covalent 

Ionic

400

If Sulfur is directly below Oxygen will they have the same amount of valence electrons? If so, how many?

6

500

What is a sea of electrons?

The electrons in metallic bonding!

Naming

100

NaCl

Sodium Chloride

ionic

200

S₂F₇

disulfur heptafluoride 

covalent bond

300

MgBr₂

Magnesium Bromide

ionic

400

Al₂O₃

aluminum oxide

ionic

500

C₄Cl₉

tetracarbon nonachloride

covalent

Formula

100

Sodium Iodide

NaI

200

Carbon dioxide

CO₂

300

Lithium Nitride

Li₃N

400

Magnesium Phosphide

Mg₃P₂

500

calcium phosphide

Ca₃P₂

Polar Covalent Bonds

100

What causes the polarity of a bond? 

An atom with higher electronegativity pulls the shared electron closer

200

What is electronegativity and what causes it?

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons - caused by the pull of protons in the nucleus and reduced by shielding from energy shells

300

In a polar covalent bond, the partially negative atom is the one with the _________   __________

greater electronegativity

400

What is a dipole moment and how do you determine it?

A measurement of the polarity of a bond and the arrow points to the more negative atom

500

Would you expect a polar substance to have a higher or a lower melting/boiling point than a nonpolar substance? Why?

A higher because the attraction between molecules requires more energy to break

Oxidation Numbers

100

Give # of valence electrons and the ion formed:

Potassium

1, K⁺

200

Give # of valence electrons and the ion formed:

Magnesium

2, Mg²⁺

300

Give # of valence electrons and the ion formed:

Oxygen

6, O^2-

400

Give # of valence electrons and the ion formed:

Bromine

7, Br^-

500

Give # of valence electrons and the ion formed:

Phosphorus

5, P^3-