Molecules / Compounds
The smallest unit of matter that has distinctive chemical and physical properties, formed when two or more atoms are held together by chemical bonds.
What is a Molecule?
One pair of electrons shared between two atoms.
What is a Single Bond?
A chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What is an Ionic Bond?
The valance electron configuration of a Metallic bond.
What is an Electron "Sea"?
A weak attraction between a partially positive hydrogen atom and a lone pair of electrons on a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen.
What is a Hydrogen Bond?
A molecule contains only one type of atom.
What is an Element?
Covalent Bonds Typically Involve:
Metal Atoms
Non-metal Atoms
Gas Atoms
An ion with a net positive charge, which forms when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons, resulting in more positively charged protons than negatively charged electrons.
What is a Cation?
Delocalized electrons can absorb and re-emit light, giving metals their shiny appearance.
What is Luster?
Weak, attractive intermolecular forces that arise from temporary or permanent charge fluctuations in atoms or molecules
What are Van der Walls Forces?
A substance formed when two or more different chemical elements are chemically joined together by chemical bonds.
What is a Compound?
The number of bonds Molecular Nitrogen contains to create a stable molecule.
What is a Triple Bond?
An atom or molecule that has gained one or more electrons, resulting in a net negative electrical charge.
What is an Anion?
Metal ions can slide past each other within the electron sea, enabling deformation without bond breakage, allowing metals to be hammered into sheets or drawn into wires.
What is Malleability or Ductility?
Unlike strong ionic or covalent bonds, van der Waals forces _______ as the distance between molecules increases.
What is Weaken?
The sharing, transferring, or donating of an atoms valence electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
What is a Chemical Bond?
How the strength and length of a covalent bond is determined.
What is the Bond Number?
Ionic bonds typically occur between which atoms?
What are Metals and Nonmetals?
Free-moving electrons in the electron sea allow for efficient charge transfer, making metals excellent ________ of electricity.
What is Conductors?
Occur between polar molecules, where the negative end of one molecule attracts the positive end of another.
What is a Dipole-Dipole Forces?
A strong force of attraction that holds atoms together within a single molecule
What is an Intramolecular Force?
Shared electrons are distributed equally between two atoms, typically when the atoms have similar electronegativities.
What is a Non-polar Covalent Bond?
Force that results from the attraction between positive and negative charges.
What is Electrostatic Force?
Mobile electrons facilitate the transfer of kinetic energy (heat) through the metal.
What is Thermal Conductivity?
Present in all molecules, even nonpolar ones, due to the random formation of instantaneous dipoles from electron movement.
What are London Dispersion Forces?